Background: Weight gain and other anthropometric measures on the risk of ovarian cancer for women with BRCA mutations are not known. We conducted a prospective analysis of weight change since age 18, height, body mass index (BMI) at age 18, and current BMI and the risk of developing ovarian cancer among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, height, weight, and weight at age 18 were collected at study enrollment. Weight was updated biennially. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for ovarian cancer. Results: This study followed 4,340 women prospectively. There were 121 incident cases of ovarian cancer. Weight gain of more than 20 kg since age 18 was associated with a 2-fold increased risk of ovarian cancer, compared with women who maintained a stable weight (HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.13–3.54; P = 0.02). Current BMI of 26.5 kg/m2 or greater was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers, compared with those with a BMI less than 20.8 kg/m2 (Q4 vs. Q1 HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.04–4.36; P = 0.04). There were no significant associations between height or BMI at age 18 and risk of ovarian cancer. Conclusions: Adult weight gain is a risk factor for ovarian cancer in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. Impact: These findings emphasize the importance of maintaining a healthy body weight throughout adulthood in women at high risk for ovarian cancer.

中文翻译：

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BRCA1 和 BRCA2 突变携带者的体重增加和卵巢癌风险

背景：对于 BRCA 突变的女性，体重增加和其他人体测量指标对卵巢癌风险的影响尚不清楚。我们对 BRCA1 和 BRCA2 突变携带者自 18 岁以来的体重变化、身高、18 岁时的体重指数 (BMI) 和当前 BMI 以及患卵巢癌的风险进行了前瞻性分析。方法：在这项前瞻性队列研究中，在研究入组时收集了 18 岁时的身高、体重和体重。体重每两年更新一次。Cox 比例风险模型用于估计卵巢癌的风险比 (HR) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI)。结果：这项研究前瞻性地跟踪了 4,340 名女性。有121例卵巢癌病例。自 18 岁起体重增加超过 20 公斤与卵巢癌风险增加 2 倍有关，与保持稳定体重的女性相比（HR，2.00；95% CI，1.13-3.54；P = 0.02）。与 BMI 小于 20.8 kg/m2 的患者相比，当前 26.5 kg/m2 或更高的 BMI 与 BRCA1 突变携带者患卵巢癌的风险增加相关（第 4 季度与第 1 季度 HR，2.13；95% CI，1.04– 4.36；P = 0.04）。18 岁时的身高或 BMI 与卵巢癌风险之间没有显着关联。结论：成人体重增加是 BRCA1 或 BRCA2 突变女性卵巢癌的危险因素。影响：这些研究结果强调了在卵巢癌高危女性中，在整个成年期保持健康体重的重要性。与 BMI 小于 20.8 kg/m2 的患者相比（Q4 与 Q1 HR，2.13；95% CI，1.04–4.36；P = 0.04）。18 岁时的身高或 BMI 与卵巢癌风险之间没有显着关联。结论：成人体重增加是 BRCA1 或 BRCA2 突变女性卵巢癌的危险因素。影响：这些研究结果强调了在卵巢癌高危女性中，在整个成年期保持健康体重的重要性。与 BMI 小于 20.8 kg/m2 的患者相比（Q4 与 Q1 HR，2.13；95% CI，1.04–4.36；P = 0.04）。18 岁时的身高或 BMI 与卵巢癌风险之间没有显着关联。结论：成人体重增加是 BRCA1 或 BRCA2 突变女性卵巢癌的危险因素。影响：这些研究结果强调了在卵巢癌高危女性中，在整个成年期保持健康体重的重要性。