Background: Changes in immune marker levels in the blood could be used to improve the early detection of tumor-associated inflammatory processes. To increase predictiveness and utility in cancer detection, intraindividual long-term stability in cancer-free individuals is critical for biomarker candidates as to facilitate the detection of deviation from the norm. Methods: We assessed intraindividual long-term stability for 19 immune markers (IL10, IL13, TNFα, CXCL13, MCP-3, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, fractalkine, VEGF, FGF-2, TGFα, sIL2Rα, sIL6R, sVEGF-R2, sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2, sCD23, sCD27, and sCD30) in 304 cancer-free individuals. Repeated blood samples were collected up to 20 years apart. Intraindividual reproducibility was assessed by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) using a linear mixed model. Results: ICCs indicated fair to good reproducibility (ICCs ≥ 0.40 and < 0.75) for 17 of 19 investigated immune markers, including IL10, IL13, TNFα, CXCL13, MCP-3, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, fractalkine, VEGF, FGF-2, TGFα, sIL2Rα, sIL6R, sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2, sCD27, and sCD30. Reproducibility was strong (ICC ≥ 0.75) for sCD23, while reproducibility was poor (ICC < 0.40) for sVEGF-R2. Using a more stringent criterion for reproducibility (ICC ≥ 0.55), we observed either acceptable or better reproducibility for IL10, IL13, CXCL13, MCP-3, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, VEGF, FGF-2, sTNF-R1, sCD23, sCD27, and sCD30. Conclusions: IL10, IL13, CXCL13, MCP-3, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, VEGF, FGF-2, sTNF-R1, sCD23, sCD27, and sCD30 displayed ICCs consistent with intraindividual long-term stability in cancer-free individuals. Impact: Our data support using these markers in prospective longitudinal studies seeking early cancer detection biomarkers.

中文翻译：

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在中位 9.4 年收集的 304 名成人无癌症个体血浆样本中的个体内长期免疫标志物稳定性

背景：血液中免疫标志物水平的变化可用于改善肿瘤相关炎症过程的早期检测。为了提高癌症检测的预测性和实用性，无癌症个体的个体内长期稳定性对于生物标志物候选者至关重要，以促进检测偏离标准的情况。方法：我们评估了 19 种免疫标志物（IL10、IL13、TNFα、CXCL13、MCP-3、MIP-1α、MIP-1β、fractalkine、VEGF、FGF-2、TGFα、sIL2Rα、sIL6R、sVEGF- R2、sTNF-R1、sTNF-R2、sCD23、sCD27 和 sCD30）在 304 名无癌症个体中。重复的血样采集间隔长达 20 年。通过使用线性混合模型计算组内相关系数 (ICC) 来评估个体内的可重复性。结果：ICC 表明 19 种已研究免疫标志物中的 17 种具有公平至良好的重现性（ICC ≥ 0.40 和 < 0.75），包括 IL10、IL13、TNFα、CXCL13、MCP-3、MIP-1α、MIP-1β、fractalkine、VEGF、FGF-2 、TGFα、sIL2Rα、sIL6R、sTNF-R1、sTNF-R2、sCD27 和 sCD30。sCD23 的重现性强（ICC ≥ 0.75），而 sVEGF-R2 的重现性差（ICC < 0.40）。使用更严格的重现性标准 (ICC ≥ 0.55)，我们观察到 IL10、IL13、CXCL13、MCP-3、MIP-1α、MIP-1β、VEGF、FGF-2、sTNF-R1、sCD23 的重现性可接受或更好、sCD27 和 sCD30。结论：IL10、IL13、CXCL13、MCP-3、MIP-1α、MIP-1β、VEGF、FGF-2、sTNF-R1、sCD23、sCD27 和 sCD30 在无癌个体中显示出与个体内长期稳定性一致的 ICC . 影响：