ABSTRACT

The human being is a dynamic and open creature, and therefore he always changes. However, not only an individual but also the whole society is in such a state. The article briefly explains the urgency of reflecting on transcendence and responsibility. Based on the historical-philosophical study of transcendence in ancient and Christian education, the situation is presented at the beginning of the modern age (Comenius) and after the Velvet Revolution (the 1990s) in Czechoslovakia (Palouš). Voices calling for respect for transcendence, grossly ignored in atheistic totalitarian regimes, took an important place. Finally, a view of transcendence is presented that considers it an important aspect in the context of the human person in times of civilization change. The research is conducted from the perspective of critical realism and its morphogenetic approach, which is characterized by an orientation to defend humanity against sociological concepts that reduce the image of the human being.

摘要

人是一个充满活力和开放的生物，因此他总是在变化。然而，不仅是个人，整个社会都处于这样的状态。文章简要说明了反思超越和责任的紧迫性。基于对古代和基督教教育超越性的历史哲学研究，这种情况出现在现代初期（夸美纽斯）和捷克斯洛伐克（Palouš）的天鹅绒革命（1990 年代）之后。在无神论极权主义政权中被严重忽视的呼吁尊重超越性的声音占据了重要地位。最后，提出了一种超越的观点，认为它是文明变革时代人类语境中的一个重要方面。