Abstract

The influence of various types of impacts on soil samples on the germination of seeds and the development of seedlings in comparison with sand (allelotoxicity) was studied. It is established that various types of soil sample preparation can significantly affect their allelotoxicity. It is shown that initial soil stimulated seedling development (+23%). Drying to air-dry state with further wetting increased the allelotoxicity to –27%. Autoclaving of samples (148°C, 4.5 atm) increased their allelotoxicity to –77%. The data obtained suggest that allelotoxins can exist in the soil in active and fixed forms and pass from the fixed form to the active form under various types of impacts on the soil. The study of the influence of the allelotoxicity of soil samples on the application efficiency of sorption-stimulating preparation (SSP), used for the pre-sowing treatment of spring wheat seeds, shows that the application effect of SSP monotonically decreases when allelotoxicity increases. The calculations show that the amount of sorbent used to protect seeds from allelotoxins is 3–4 orders of magnitude lower than the amount that can fix allelotoxins contained in soils. It follows from above that the development of seed seedlings is affected only by a small part of allelotoxins present in soils in the active state.

中文翻译：

---

促吸剂对种子萌发的影响

摘要

研究了土壤样品的各种影响对种子发芽和幼苗发育的影响，与沙相比（等位基因毒性）。已经确定，各种类型的土壤样品制备可以显着影响它们的等位基因毒性。结果表明，初始土壤刺激了幼苗发育（+23%）。干燥至风干状态并进一步润湿使等位基因毒性增加至 –27%。样品的高压灭菌（148°C，4.5 atm）将它们的等位基因毒性增加到 –77%。获得的数据表明，异源毒素可以以活性和固定形式存在于土壤中，并在对土壤的各种影响下从固定形式转变为活性形式。土壤样品的等位基因毒性对吸附刺激制剂（SSP）应用效率影响的研究，用于春小麦种子的播前处理，表明随着等位基因毒性的增加，SSP 的施用效果单调降低。计算表明，用于保护种子免受异位毒素侵害的吸附剂的量比可以固定土壤中所含异源毒素的量低 3-4 个数量级。从上面可以看出，种子幼苗的发育仅受土壤中活性状态下存在的一小部分异源毒素的影响。