Tensile testing was used to measure the mechanical properties of paper at various orientations relative to the fiber alignment of paper. New, artificially aged, and naturally aged paper were shown to behave as orthotropic materials, as shown by the orientation dependence of the Young's modulus, E. The Young's modulus data could be fit to a simplified equation, indicating the shear modulus is relatively insensitive to the specific orientation. The shear modulus as measured by ultrasonic measurements was similar to that measured by fitting the modulus vs orientation data obtained by tensile testing to the orthotropic equation. The inelastic tensile strength could also be described by a simple non-linear equation, and there was more deviation of the data from this prediction for brittle papers than for non-brittle papers. The extent of fiber orientation (E_x/E_y) could be inferred by either the Young's modulus or the tensile strength, TS, i.e. E_x/E_y ≈ TS_x/TS_y. The measured strains were lowest for brittle paper. All brittle papers gave a strain to failure <1% whereas the non-brittle papers gave a strain to failure >1%.

拉伸测试用于测量相对于纸的纤维排列在不同方向上的纸的机械性能。新的、人工老化的和自然老化的纸被证明表现为正交各向异性材料，如杨氏模量 E 的方向依赖性所示。杨氏模量数据可以拟合到一个简化的方程，表明剪切模量对具体方向。通过超声测量测量的剪切模量类似于通过将拉伸测试获得的模量与取向数据拟合到正交各向异性方程而测量的剪切模量。非弹性拉伸强度也可以用一个简单的非线性方程来描述，与非脆性纸相比，脆性纸的数据与该预测的偏差更大。_X / E _Ý）既可以由杨氏模量或拉伸强度，TS，即e为推断_X / E _ý  ≈TS _X / TS _ÿ。脆性纸的测量应变最低。所有脆性纸的失效应变<1%，而非脆性纸的失效应变>1%。