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Estimation of ship emission rates at a major shipping lane by long-path DOAS measurements
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-24 , DOI: 10.5194/amt-14-5791-2021 Kai Krause , Folkard Wittrock , Andreas Richter , Stefan Schmitt , Denis Pöhler , Andreas Weigelt , John P. Burrows
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-24 , DOI: 10.5194/amt-14-5791-2021 Kai Krause , Folkard Wittrock , Andreas Richter , Stefan Schmitt , Denis Pöhler , Andreas Weigelt , John P. Burrows
Ships are an important source of SO2 and NOx, which are key parameters of air quality. Monitoring of ship emissions is usually carried out using in situ instruments on land, which depend on favourable wind conditions to transport the emitted substances to the measurement site. Remote sensing techniques such as long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy (LP-DOAS) measurements can supplement those measurements, especially in unfavourable meteorological conditions. In this study 1 year of LP-DOAS measurements made across the river Elbe close to Hamburg (Germany) have been evaluated. Peaks (i.e. elevated concentrations) in the NO2 and SO2 time series were assigned to passing ships, and a method to derive emission rates of SO2, NO2 and NOx from those measurements using a Gaussian plume model is presented. A total of 7402 individual ship passages have been monitored, and their respective NOx, SO2 and NO2 emission rates have been derived. The emission rates, coupled with the knowledge of the ship type, ship size and ship speed, have been analysed.
Emission rates are compared to emission factors from previous studies and show good agreement. In contrast to emission factors (in grams per kilogram fuel), the derived emission rates (in grams per second) do not need further knowledge about the fuel consumption of the ship.
To our knowledge this is the first time emission rates of air pollutants from individual ships have been derived from LP-DOAS measurements.
中文翻译:
通过长路径 DOAS 测量估计主要航道的船舶排放率
船舶是 SO 2和 NO x的重要来源,它们是空气质量的关键参数。船舶排放的监测通常在陆地上使用原位仪器进行,这取决于有利的风力条件将排放的物质输送到测量地点。诸如长路径差分光学吸收光谱 (LP-DOAS) 测量之类的遥感技术可以补充这些测量,尤其是在不利的气象条件下。在这项研究中,对在靠近汉堡(德国)的易北河对岸进行的 1 年 LP-DOAS 测量进行了评估。将 NO 2和 SO 2时间序列中的峰值(即升高的浓度)分配给经过的船只,以及一种推导 SO 排放率的方法在图2中,呈现了来自使用高斯羽流模型的那些测量的NO 2和NO x。共监测到 7402 条单独的船舶航道,其各自的 NO x、SO 2和 NO 2已推导出排放率。对排放率以及船舶类型、船舶尺寸和船舶速度的知识进行了分析。排放率与之前研究的排放因子进行了比较,结果显示出良好的一致性。与排放因子(以克/千克燃料为单位)相比,导出的排放率(以克/秒为单位)不需要进一步了解船舶的燃料消耗量。据我们所知,这是第一次从 LP-DOAS 测量中得出单个船舶的空气污染物排放率。
更新日期:2021-08-24
中文翻译:
通过长路径 DOAS 测量估计主要航道的船舶排放率
船舶是 SO 2和 NO x的重要来源,它们是空气质量的关键参数。船舶排放的监测通常在陆地上使用原位仪器进行,这取决于有利的风力条件将排放的物质输送到测量地点。诸如长路径差分光学吸收光谱 (LP-DOAS) 测量之类的遥感技术可以补充这些测量,尤其是在不利的气象条件下。在这项研究中,对在靠近汉堡(德国)的易北河对岸进行的 1 年 LP-DOAS 测量进行了评估。将 NO 2和 SO 2时间序列中的峰值(即升高的浓度)分配给经过的船只,以及一种推导 SO 排放率的方法在图2中,呈现了来自使用高斯羽流模型的那些测量的NO 2和NO x。共监测到 7402 条单独的船舶航道,其各自的 NO x、SO 2和 NO 2已推导出排放率。对排放率以及船舶类型、船舶尺寸和船舶速度的知识进行了分析。排放率与之前研究的排放因子进行了比较,结果显示出良好的一致性。与排放因子(以克/千克燃料为单位)相比,导出的排放率(以克/秒为单位)不需要进一步了解船舶的燃料消耗量。据我们所知,这是第一次从 LP-DOAS 测量中得出单个船舶的空气污染物排放率。