Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive and effective local treatment for cancers that produces selective damage to target tissues and cells. However, PDT alone is unlikely to completely inhibit tumor metastasis and/or local tumor recurrence. RNA interference (RNAi) is a phenomenon of gene silencing mediated by exogenous or endogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). RNAi has entered a golden period of development, with the approval of four treatments employing RNAi. PDT in combination with RNAi therapy to inhibit related targets has been a research hotspot, with better clinical outcomes than monotherapy. In this review, the progress of PDT and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting different genes is discussed, while the achievements of the combined immunotherapy are reviewed.

中文翻译：

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光动力和RNAi联合疗法在癌症治疗中的进展

光动力疗法 (PDT) 是一种无创且有效的局部癌症治疗方法，可对靶组织和细胞产生选择性损伤。然而，单独的 PDT 不太可能完全抑制肿瘤转移和/或局部肿瘤复发。RNA 干扰 (RNAi) 是一种由外源或内源双链 RNA (dsRNA) 介导的基因沉默现象。RNAi 已进入发展的黄金时期，已获批采用 RNAi 的四种治疗方法。PDT联合RNAi治疗抑制相关靶点一直是研究热点，临床效果优于单药治疗。本综述讨论了PDT和针对不同基因的小干扰RNA（siRNA）的进展，同时回顾了联合免疫治疗的成就。