ABSTRACT

Bacteria have evolved many different signal transduction systems that sense signals and generate a variety of responses. Generally, most abundant are transcriptional regulators, sensor histidine kinases and chemoreceptors. Typically, these systems recognize their signal molecules with dedicated ligand-binding domains (LBDs), which, in turn, generate a molecular stimulus that modulates the activity of the output module. There are an enormous number of different LBDs that recognize a similarly diverse set of signals. To give a global perspective of the signals that interact with transcriptional regulators, sensor kinases and chemoreceptors, we manually retrieved information on the protein-ligand interaction from about 1,200 publications and 3D structures. The resulting 811 proteins were classified according to the Pfam family into 127 groups. These data permit a delineation of the signal profiles of individual LBD families as well as distinguishing between families that recognize signals in a promiscuous manner and those that possess a well-defined ligand range. A major bottleneck in the field is the fact that the signal input of many signaling systems is unknown. The signal repertoire reported here will help the scientific community design experimental strategies to identify the signaling molecules for uncharacterised sensor proteins.

中文翻译：

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与传感器激酶、化学感受器和转录调节剂相互作用的信号分子目录

摘要

细菌已经进化出许多不同的信号转导系统，这些系统可以感知信号并产生各种反应。通常，最丰富的是转录调节因子、传感器组氨酸激酶和化学感受器。通常，这些系统通过专用的配体结合域 (LBD) 识别它们的信号分子，从而产生调节输出模块活性的分子刺激。有大量不同的 LBD 可以识别同样多样化的信号集。为了全面了解与转录调节因子、传感器激酶和化学感受器相互作用的信号，我们从大约 1,200 份出版物和 3D 结构中手动检索了有关蛋白质-配体相互作用的信息。得到的 811 种蛋白质根据 Pfam 家族分为 127 组。这些数据允许描绘单个 LBD 家族的信号谱，并区分以混杂方式识别信号的家族和具有明确配体范围的家族。该领域的一个主要瓶颈是许多信号系统的信号输入是未知的。这里报告的信号库将帮助科学界设计实验策略，以识别未表征的传感器蛋白的信号分子。