OBJECTIVE Previous research has indicated that many undergraduates receive disclosures of sexual assault and intimate partner violence (IPV) from their peers; however, much of this research has been cross-sectional. The present study assessed the extent to which demographic characteristics and victimization history predicted whether participants received disclosures over the subsequent 6 months. Directional hypotheses assessed whether psychological symptoms and attitudes predicted, or were consequences of, disclosures at follow-up. METHOD College students (n = 867) from a broader treatment intervention study completed pretest (Time 1) and 6-month follow-up surveys (Time 2). RESULTS Individuals who reported new disclosures at follow-up (56%) were more likely to be women, have previous experience receiving either sexual assault or IPV disclosures, and have experienced sexual assault or IPV victimization in their lifetime and across the follow-up period. Sexual orientation did not predict receipt of disclosures at follow-up; intervention group did not moderate these relationships. Results of longitudinal structural equation models found that although higher Time 1 posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and depressive symptoms predicted disclosure status at follow-up, Time 1 disclosure status did not predict subsequent increases in posttraumatic stress disorder and depressive symptoms. Attitudinal variables were not significantly associated with disclosures reported at Time 1 or follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest the importance of attending to personal experiences of victimization within interventions aiming to improve responses to disclosure. Although individuals with higher distress are more likely to receive subsequent disclosures, disclosure does not appear to lead to increases in long-term psychological distress.

中文翻译：

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接收大学生亲密伴侣暴力和性侵犯披露的前瞻性预测因素。

目标 先前的研究表明，许多本科生从同龄人那里收到性侵犯和亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的披露；然而，大部分研究都是横断面的。本研究评估了人口统计学特征和受害历史在多大程度上预测参与者在随后的 6 个月内是否收到披露。定向假设评估了心理症状和态度是否可以预测，或者是后续披露的后果。方法 来自更广泛的治疗干预研究的大学生（n = 867）完成了预测试（时间 1）和 6 个月的跟踪调查（时间 2）。结果 在随访中报告新披露的个人 (56%) 更有可能是女性，以前有接受过性侵犯或 IPV 披露的经历，并且在他们的一生中和整个后续期间都经历过性侵犯或 IPV 受害。性取向并不能预测在随访中会收到披露信息；干预组没有缓和这些关系。纵向结构方程模型的结果发现，虽然较高的时间 1 创伤后应激障碍症状和抑郁症状可以预测随访时的披露状态，但时间 1 的披露状态并不能预测随后创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症状的增加。态度变量与时间 1 或后续报告的披露没有显着相关性。结论 调查结果表明，在旨在改善对披露反应的干预措施中关注个人受害经历的重要性。