Supplementation of selenium in poultry feed is required in an optimum dose and form for optimizing the growth performance and health status. Selenium nanospheres are suggested as an efficient and alternative to the conventional organic or inorganic forms. The study evaluated the effects of selenium (Se) nanospheres (SeNPs) as an alternative to organic Se (Sel-Plex®) or inorganic Se (sodium selenite, Se(IV Se(IV)) on the growth performance, carcass traits, blood biochemistry, and antioxidative capacity in turkey pullets. A total of 160 1-day-old Bronze turkey poults chicks were divided into four groups with 40 pullets each. The birds were fed on four types of diets as fellow: control (basal diet, 0.01 Se mg/kg), SeNPs (0.43 Se mg/kg), organic Se Sel-Plex® (0.41 Se mg/kg), and inorganic Se(IV) (0.42 Se mg/kg) for 8 weeks. No changes were seen in the body weight gain in growing turkey pullet, but chicks fed with Sel-Plex® form recorded the lowest feed intake (p < 0.05) compared to other treatments. Dietary SeNPs and Se(IV) selenium sources improved the feed conversion ratio compared to other treatments. All Se forms fed on turkey pullets showed higher carcass percentage weight and liver Se content than the control group. However, the gizzard percentage weight in the SeNPs group was lower than in the other treatments (p < 0.05). Birds fed SeNPs, and Sel-Plex® forms supplemental diets had a lower cholesterol concentration (p < 0.05) than the control and Se(IV). While high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration was increased in SeNPs and Se(IV) groups, and total protein concentration was higher in the Se(IV) group. Furthermore, dietary SeNPs reduced (p < 0.05) the low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total lipids, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine, uric acid, urea, and malondialdehyde plasma concentrations and increased the glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) and total antioxidative capacity (TAC). In conclusion, the results confirmed that feeding turkey pullets on SeNPs form with the 0.4 Se mg/kg of feed enhanced feed efficiency, growth performance, carcass traits, plasma lipids concentration, and antioxidative capacity.

中文翻译：

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比较硒纳米球、亚硒酸钠和生物硒对生长土耳其小鸡的生长性能、血液生化和抗氧化能力的影响。

需要以最佳剂量和形式在家禽饲料中补充硒，以优化生长性能和健康状况。硒纳米球被认为是传统有机或无机形式的有效替代品。该研究评估了硒 (Se) 纳米球 (SeNPs) 作为有机硒 (Sel-Plex®) 或无机硒（亚硒酸钠，Se(IV Se(IV)）的替代品对生长性能、胴体性状、血液的影响。 160 只 1 日龄青铜火鸡雏鸡被分成 4 组，每组 40 只小母鸡。作为同伴饲喂 4​​ 种日粮：对照（基础日粮，0.01 Se mg/kg)、SeNPs (0.43 Se mg/kg)、有机 Se Sel-Plex® (0.41 Se mg/kg) 和无机 Se(IV) (0.42 Se mg/kg)，持续 8 周。生长中的火鸡小母鸡的体重增加没有变化，但与其他处理相比，饲喂 Sel-Plex® 形式的小鸡记录的采食量最低（p < 0.05）。与其他处理相比，日粮 SeNPs 和 Se(IV) 硒源提高了饲料转化率。喂食火鸡后备母鸡的所有硒形式都显示出比对照组更高的胴体重量百分比和肝脏硒含量。然而，SeNPs 组的砂囊重量百分比低于其他处理组（p < 0.05）。喂食 SeNPs 和 Sel-Plex® 形式补充日粮的鸟的胆固醇浓度 (p < 0.05) 低于对照和 Se(IV)。而SeNPs和Se(IV)组的高密度脂蛋白(HDL)浓度增加，而Se(IV)组的总蛋白浓度更高。此外，膳食SeNPs减少（p < 0.05) 低密度脂蛋白 (LDL)、总脂质、甘油三酯、丙氨酸氨基转移酶 (ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶 (AST)、肌酸、尿酸、尿素和丙二醛血浆浓度并增加谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性 (GPx) 和总抗氧化能力（TAC）。总之，结果证实，在 SeNPs 上饲喂 0.4 Se mg/kg 饲料的火鸡雏鸡可提高饲料效率、生长性能、胴体性状、血浆脂质浓度和抗氧化能力。