Polymer-based thermal conductivity composites composed with nanoscale fillers are promising thermal conductors to dissipate accumulated heat of integrated circuits in electronic devices, while interfacial thermal resistance (ITR) and disordered conductive pathways caused by the size effect of fillers limit their heat transfer performance. Herein, gravitational-driven ice-templated oriental arrangement of ionic liquid (IL) modified microscale carbon fibers (CFs) were conducted to improve thermal conductivity via both weakening phonons scattering effect and forming horizontal orientation heat transfer pathways in composites. The cation-π interaction between CFs and the hydrogen bonding between CFs and epoxy resin induced by IL effectively reduced ITR in composites. As a result, the composite including 22.3 vol% CFs reached a maximum in-plane thermal conductivity of 7.98 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹. The mechanical properties of the composite were also developed. This insight provides a strategy for the construction of high-performance composites with potential applications in thermal management materials.

由纳米级填料组成的聚合物基导热复合材料是一种很有前途的热导体，可以散发电子器件中集成电路的累积热量，而填料的尺寸效应引起的界面热阻 (ITR) 和无序传导通路限制了它们的传热性能。在此，离子液体（IL）改性微尺度碳纤维（CFs）的重力驱动冰模板定向排列通过减弱声子散射效应和在复合材料中形成水平定向传热路径来提高导热性。CFs之间的阳离子-π相互作用以及由IL诱导的CFs和环氧树脂之间的氢键有效地降低了复合材料中的ITR。因此，复合材料包括 22。^-1 K ^-1。还开发了复合材料的机械性能。这一见解为构建具有热管理材料潜在应用的高性能复合材料提供了一种策略。