Housing is a significant determinant of health and is widely accepted as a key solution to address some of the health disparities that exist among the homeless. It is estimated that 150 million people worldwide are homeless, and approximately 1.8 billion lack adequate housing. However, understanding of how housing has a positive impact on the health of the homeless remains unclear and underdeveloped. This systematic review investigates intervention studies that report on the physical and mental health effects of housing homeless persons. A search of PubMed, PsycINFO, EBSCOHost-Academic Search Complete and the Cochrane Library was conducted for peer-reviewed articles published in English from 1999 to 2020 that had a combination of at least one housing intervention and health outcome, with a homeless sample. Three previous reviews and 24 studies were included for analysis. Most of the studies (n = 20) encompassed permanent supportive housing interventions that emphasised placing homeless people with mental illness directly into affordable housing with access to support services. The primary health outcomes reported were general physical and mental health, well-being, and quality of life. Despite inconsistent findings and significant issues identified in the reviewed literature, housing (in the short term) improves some aspects of health in homeless populations with human immunodeficiency virus, anxiety and depression.

中文翻译：

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安置无家可归者对身心健康的影响：系统评价

住房是健康的重要决定因素，被广泛认为是解决无家可归者之间存在的一些健康差异的关键解决方案。据估计，全世界有 1.5 亿人无家可归，大约 18 亿人缺乏适足住房。但是，了解如何住房对无家可归者健康的积极影响仍不清楚且不发达。本系统评价调查了报告住房无家可归者的身心健康影响的干预研究。对 PubMed、PsycINFO、EBSCOHost-Academic Search Complete 和 Cochrane 图书馆进行了搜索，以查找 1999 年至 2020 年期间以英语发表的同行评议文章，这些文章至少结合了一项住房干预和健康结果，并带有无家可归者样本。包括以前的三篇评论和 24 项研究进行分析。大多数研究（n = 20) 包括永久性支持性住房干预措施，强调将患有精神疾病的无家可归者直接安置在可负担得起的住房中，并获得支持服务。报告的主要健康结果是一般身心健康、幸福感和生活质量。尽管在审查的文献中发现不一致的结果和重大问题，但住房（在短期内）改善了患有人类免疫缺陷病毒、焦虑和抑郁的无家可归人群的某些健康状况。