Journal of Earth System Science ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-22 , DOI: 10.1007/s12040-021-01676-1 N D Don Xavier 1 , S Bijoy Nandan 1 , P R Jayachandran 1 , K V Neethu 1 , D Mohan 2 , S R Marigoudar 2
Abstract
The accumulation trends of Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni and their effects on two native species, Etroplus suratensis and Villorita cyprinoides from Cochin estuary and their biomarker responses were explored. Bioaccumulation and metal selectivity index (MSI) in E. suratensis for gill and liver showed the highest accumulation for Zn (209.33 ± 17.14 mg kg−1) followed by Cu (64.16 ± 8.07 mg kg−1), while in V. cyprinoides Cu showed the highest accumulation (80.78 ± 6.92 mg kg−1) in gill tissue followed by Zn (65.28 ± 7.06 mg kg−1). Histological alterations were evaluated in gill and liver tissues of E. suratensis using histopathological index (Ih) method. Lamellar hyperplasia and deformed lamellar architecture were the evident changes in gill tissue, while the alterations in liver tissues were marked by the presence of melanomacrophage centers and necrotic lesions in liver parenchyma. The high target hazard quotient (THQ) obtained for Pb (0.94) indicated that the daily consumption of aquatic products contaminated with metals Pb, Cu and Zn has obvious health risk to human consumption. Thus, the elevated metal accumulation rate in the tissues with supportive histological changes suggests that these alterations can serve as definite signature of heavy metal contamination in native organisms of Cochin estuary.
Research highlights
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The tissue-specific bioaccumulation and metal selectivity index (MSI) of E. suratensis and V. cyprinoides revealed significantly higher accumulation of Cu and Zn compared to Pb and Ni throughout the study with higher rates during non-monsoonal periods.
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The histopathological studies in fish, E. suratensis from field conditions portrayed significant histopathological alterations such as hyperplasia, deformed secondary lamellae in gill tissues; melanomacrophage centres and necrotic lesions in liver.
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The estimation of human health risk assessment of heavy metals (Cu, Zn and Pb) of E. suratensis from Cochin estuary denoted a possible risk from consumption of fishes from the Cochin estuary.
中文翻译：
使用现代生物标志物方法对来自科钦河口的选定本地生物进行重金属污染
摘要
探讨了铜、锌、铅和镍的积累趋势及其对科钦河口两种本地物种Etroplus suratensis和Villorita cyprinoides 的影响及其生物标志物响应。E. suratensis鳃和肝脏的生物积累和金属选择性指数 (MSI)显示最高的 Zn 积累 (209.33 ± 17.14 mg kg -1 ) 其次是 Cu (64.16 ± 8.07 mg kg -1 )，而在V. cyprinoides Cu在鳃组织中显示出最高的积累（80.78 ± 6.92 mg kg -1），其次是Zn（65.28 ± 7.06 mg kg -1）。在E. suratensis 的鳃和肝脏组织中评估组织学改变使用组织病理学指数（我ħ）方法。鳃组织的明显变化为板层增生和板层结构的变形，而肝组织的改变则以黑色素巨噬细胞中心的存在和肝实质坏死病变为标志。获得的铅的高目标危害商数（THQ）（0.94）表明，每天食用受金属铅、铜和锌污染的水产品对人类食用具有明显的健康风险。因此，具有支持性组织学变化的组织中金属积累率升高表明这些改变可以作为科钦河口天然生物中重金属污染的明确特征。
研究亮点
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E. suratensis 和 V. cyprinoides 的组织特异性生物积累和金属选择性指数 (MSI) 显示，在整个研究过程中，与 Pb 和 Ni 相比，Cu 和 Zn 的积累显着更高，在非季风期间的积累率更高。
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来自野外条件的鱼，E. suratensis 的组织病理学研究描绘了显着的组织病理学改变，例如增生、鳃组织中变形的次级薄片；黑色素巨噬细胞中心和肝脏坏死病变。
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对来自科钦河口的 E. suratensis 的重金属（Cu、Zn 和 Pb）的人类健康风险评估表明，食用来自科钦河口的鱼类可能存在风险。
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