Background

It is important for sport scientists and health professionals to have estimative methods for energy demand during different physical activities. The metabolic equivalent of task (MET) provides a feasible approach for classifying activity intensity as a multiple of the resting metabolic rate (RMR). RMR is generally assumed to be 3.5 mL of oxygen per kilogram of body mass per minute (mL O₂ kg⁻¹ min⁻¹), a value that has been criticized and considered to be overestimated in the older adult population. However, there has been no comprehensive effort to review available RMR estimations, equivalent to 1 MET, obtained in the older adult population.

Objective

The aim of this review was to examine the existing evidence reporting measured RMR values in the older adult population and to provide descriptive estimates of 1 MET.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library, from database inception to July 2021. To this end, original research studies assessing RMR in adults ≥ 60 years old using indirect calorimetry and reporting results in mL O₂ kg⁻¹ min⁻¹ were sought.

Results

Twenty-three eligible studies were identified, including a total of 1091 participants (426 men). All but two studies reported RMR values lower than the conventional 3.5 mL O₂ kg⁻¹ min⁻¹. The overall weighted average 1 MET value obtained from all included studies was 2.7 ± 0.6 mL O₂ kg⁻¹ min⁻¹; however, when considering best practice studies, this value was 11% lower (2.4 ± 0.3 mL O₂ kg⁻¹ min⁻¹).

Conclusion

Based on the results of this systematic review, we would advise against the application of the standard value of 1 MET (3.5 mL O₂ kg⁻¹ min⁻¹) in people ≥ 60 years of age and encourage the direct assessment of RMR using indirect calorimetry while adhering to evidence-based best practice recommendations. When this is not possible, assuming an overall value of 2.7 mL O₂ kg⁻¹ min⁻¹ might be reasonable. Systematic review registration: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews on 30 September 2020, with registration number CRD42020206440.

中文翻译：

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老年人任务 1 代谢当量的静息摄氧量：系统评价和描述性分析

背景

对于运动科学家和健康专业人员来说，拥有不同体育活动期间能量需求的估计方法非常重要。任务代谢当量 (MET) 提供了一种将活动强度分类为静息代谢率 (RMR) 倍数的可行方法。RMR 通常假定为每公斤体重每分钟 3.5 mL 氧气 (mL O ₂  kg ^-1  min ^-1 )，该值一直受到批评，并被认为在老年人群中被高估。然而，目前还没有全面的努力来审查在老年人群中获得的相当于 1 MET 的 RMR 估计值。

客观的

本次综述的目的是检查报告老年人群中 RMR 测量值的现有证据，并提供 1 MET 的描述性估计。

方法

通过检索 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、CINAHL、SPORTDiscus 和 Cochrane 图书馆，对从数据库建立到 2021 年 7 月的期间进行了系统评价。为此，原创研究使用间接量热法和报告评估了 60 岁以上成人的 RMR寻求mL O ₂  kg ⁻¹  min ^{−1的结果。}

结果

确定了 23 项符合条件的研究，总共包括 1091 名参与者（426 名男性）。除两项研究外，所有研究均报告 RMR 值低于传统的 3.5 mL O ₂  kg ⁻¹  min ⁻¹。所有纳入研究获得的总体加权平均 1 MET 值为 2.7 ± 0.6 mL O ₂  kg ⁻¹  min ⁻¹；然而，当考虑最佳实践研究时，该值低了 11% (2.4 ± 0.3 mL O ₂  kg ⁻¹  min ⁻¹ )。

结论

根据本次系统评价的结果，我们建议不要在≥60岁的人群中应用1 MET（3.5 mL O ₂  kg ⁻¹  min ⁻¹ ）的标准值，并鼓励使用间接方法直接评估RMR量热法，同时遵守基于证据的最佳实践建议。当这不可能时，假设总体值为 2.7 mL O ₂  kg ^-1  min ^-1可能是合理的。系统评价注册：2020年9月30日国际前瞻性系统评价注册，注册号CRD42020206440。