Abstract

Cytokines are important intercellular communication tools for immunity. Many cytokines promote gene transcription and proliferation through the JAK/STAT (Janus kinase / signal transducers and activators of transcription) and the Ras/ERK (GDP/GTP-binding rat sarcoma protein / extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathways, and these signaling pathways are tightly regulated. The SOCS (suppressor of cytokine signaling) family are representative negative regulators of JAK/STAT-mediated cytokine signaling and regulate the differentiation and function of T cells, thus being involved in immune tolerance. Human genetic analysis has shown that SOCS family members are strongly associated with autoimmune diseases, allergy and tumorigenesis. SOCS family proteins also function as immune-checkpoint molecules that contribute to the unresponsiveness of T cells to cytokines.

中文翻译：

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SOCS：免疫耐受细胞因子信号的负调节因子

摘要

细胞因子是免疫的重要细胞间通讯工具。许多细胞因子通过 JAK/STAT（Janus 激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子）和 Ras/ERK（GDP/GTP 结合大鼠肉瘤蛋白/细胞外信号调节激酶）通路促进基因转录和增殖，而这些信号通路受到严格监管。SOCS（细胞因子信号抑制因子）家族是 JAK/STAT 介导的细胞因子信号传导的代表性负调节因子，调节 T 细胞的分化和功能，从而参与免疫耐受。人类基因分析表明，SOCS 家族成员与自身免疫性疾病、过敏和肿瘤发生密切相关。