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Sulfated glucuronomannan hexasaccharide G6S1 enhanced lipolysis and lipophagy via PPARα pathway
The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106067
Min Cai 1 , Ying Chen 1 , Yuzhi Wang 1 , Qiufu Fang 1 , Xinyue He 1 , Wanli Wu 1 , Yizhong Bao 2 , Genxiang Mao 2 , Weihua Jin 1 , Weihong Zhong 1
Affiliation  

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, ranging from benign steatosis to severe non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Recently, it has been found that lipophagy plays a pivotal role in lipid turnover, which can alleviate NAFLD in hepatocytes. In this study, we found that a highly sulfated glucuronomannan hexamer G6S1 has the ability to enhance lipophagy. When treated with G6S1, the number and the size of lipid droplet (LD) decreased significantly on hepatocytes AML12 cells. Western blot results showed that the expressions of the lipolysis-related proteins increased, while the expressions of proteins that is responsible for lipid transportation and synthesis exhibited no significant change. Immunofluorescence assay and electron microscopy results showed an increase of autophagy related protein expression level and lysosome number in hepatocytes treated with G6S1, suggesting that G6S1 could also promote lipophagy. A significant increase of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) expression level was detected in G6S1 treated cells, suggesting that G6S1 may promote autophagy via enhancing the expression of PPARα. In addition, these effects could be inhibited after treatment with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and PPARα inhibitor MK-886. These findings indicate that G6S1 can promote lipophagy via enhanced PPARα expression and can result in a slowdown of lipids accumulation.



中文翻译:

硫酸化葡糖甘露聚糖六糖 G6S1 通过 PPARα 通路增强脂肪分解和脂肪吞噬

非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 被认为是代谢综合征的肝脏表现,范围从良性脂肪变性到严重的非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。最近,发现脂肪吞噬在脂质周转中起着关键作用,可以减轻肝细胞中的NAFLD。在这项研究中,我们发现高度硫酸化的葡糖甘露聚糖六聚体 G6S1 具有增强脂肪吞噬的能力。当用 G6S1 处理时,肝细胞 AML12 细胞上的脂滴 (LD) 的数量和大小显着降低。Western blot结果显示脂解相关蛋白表达增加,而负责脂质转运和合成的蛋白表达无明显变化。免疫荧光检测和电镜结果显示 G6S1 处理的肝细胞中自噬相关蛋白表达水平和溶酶体数量增加,表明 G6S1 也可以促进脂肪吞噬。在 G6S1 处理的细胞中检测到过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α (PPARα) 表达水平显着增加,表明 G6S1 可能通过增强 PPARα 的表达来促进自噬。此外,在用自噬抑制剂 3-甲基腺嘌呤 (3-MA) 和 PPARα 抑制剂 MK-886 治疗后,这些作用可以被抑制。这些发现表明 G6S1 可以通过增强 PPARα 表达促进脂肪吞噬,并可以导致脂质积累减慢。在 G6S1 处理的细胞中检测到过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α (PPARα) 表达水平显着增加,表明 G6S1 可能通过增强 PPARα 的表达来促进自噬。此外,在用自噬抑制剂 3-甲基腺嘌呤 (3-MA) 和 PPARα 抑制剂 MK-886 治疗后,这些作用可以被抑制。这些发现表明 G6S1 可以通过增强 PPARα 表达促进脂肪吞噬,并可以导致脂质积累减慢。在 G6S1 处理的细胞中检测到过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α (PPARα) 表达水平显着增加,表明 G6S1 可能通过增强 PPARα 的表达来促进自噬。此外,在用自噬抑制剂 3-甲基腺嘌呤 (3-MA) 和 PPARα 抑制剂 MK-886 治疗后,这些作用可以被抑制。这些发现表明 G6S1 可以通过增强 PPARα 表达促进脂肪吞噬,并可以导致脂质积累减慢。

更新日期:2021-08-23
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