The rich physics permeating the phase diagrams of quantum materials have commanded the attention of the solid-state chemistry, materials science, and condensed-matter physics communities, sparking immense research into quantum phase transitions including superconducting, ferroic, and charge-order transitions. Many of these transitions occur at low temperatures and involve electronic, magnetic, or lattice order, which emerges on the atomic to mesoscopic scales. The complex interplay of these states and the heterogeneity that arises due to competition and intertwining of phases, however, is not fully understood and requires probes that capture ordering over multiple length scales down to the local atomic symmetries. Advances in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) have enabled atomic-resolution imaging as well as mapping of functional picometer-scale atomic displacements inside materials. In this Account, we discuss our group’s work to expand the reach of atomic-resolution STEM to cryogenic temperatures (cryo-STEM) to study quantum materials with focus on charge-ordered systems.

中文翻译：

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用于量子材料的原子分辨率低温扫描透射电子显微镜

渗透到量子材料相图中的丰富物理学引起了固态化学、材料科学和凝聚态物理学界的关注，引发了对量子相变的大量研究，包括超导、铁质和电荷序跃迁。许多这些转变发生在低温下，涉及电子、磁或晶格顺序，这些顺序出现在原子到介观尺度上。然而，这些状态的复杂相互作用以及由于相的竞争和交织而产生的异质性尚未完全理解，并且需要在多个长度尺度上捕获排序到局部原子对称性的探针。扫描透射电子显微镜 (STEM) 的进步使原子分辨率成像以及材料内部功能性皮米级原子位移的映射成为可能。在这个帐户中，我们讨论了我们小组将原子分辨率 STEM 的范围扩展到低温 (cryo-STEM) 以研究以电荷有序系统为重点的量子材料的工作。