Native mass spectrometry (MS) involves the analysis and characterization of macromolecules, predominantly intact proteins and protein complexes, whereby as much as possible the native structural features of the analytes are retained. As such, native MS enables the study of secondary, tertiary, and even quaternary structure of proteins and other biomolecules. Native MS represents a relatively recent addition to the analytical toolbox of mass spectrometry and has over the past decade experienced immense growth, especially in enhancing sensitivity and resolving power but also in ease of use. With the advent of dedicated mass analyzers, sample preparation and separation approaches, targeted fragmentation techniques, and software solutions, the number of practitioners and novel applications has risen in both academia and industry. This review focuses on recent developments, particularly in high-resolution native MS, describing applications in the structural analysis of protein assemblies, proteoform profiling of─among others─biopharmaceuticals and plasma proteins, and quantitative and qualitative analysis of protein–ligand interactions, with the latter covering lipid, drug, and carbohydrate molecules, to name a few.

中文翻译：

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高分辨率原生质谱

天然质谱 (MS) 涉及对大分子、主要是完整蛋白质和蛋白质复合物的分析和表征，从而尽可能保留分析物的天然结构特征。因此，原生 MS 可以研究蛋白质和其他生物分子的二级、三级甚至四级结构。原生 MS 代表了质谱分析工具箱中相对较新的成员，在过去十年中经历了巨大的增长，特别是在提高灵敏度和分辨能力以及易用性方面。随着专用质量分析仪、样品制备和分离方法、靶向碎裂技术和软件解决方案的出现，学术界和工业界的实践者和新应用的数量都在增加。