Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the impact of Islam, as a set of moral and cultural values, on economic growth and development for 17 Muslim countries over the period 1990–2019.

Design/methodology/approach

To identify the relationship between Islam and economic growth, the authors have proceeded with an empirical panel data analysis using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The study is conducted initially on a sample of 17 Muslim countries and then on 2 sub-samples composed of 12 Arab Muslim countries and 5 non-Arab Muslim countries.

Findings

The empirical analysis showed a significant negative relationship between Islam and economic growth for the Arab-Muslim countries. While for the non-Arab Muslim countries, the relationship remains positive. Following the introduction of the interactive social variables (unemployment and illiteracy), the authors show that increasing unemployment exacerbates the negative effect of Islam on growth. While the effect of illiteracy remains statistically insignificant. However, for non-Arab Muslim countries, the positive effect of Islam on growth is all the greater as these countries have large social contemplation. However, the introduction of the interactive cultural variables (uncertainty avoidance index and long run orientation), show that the positive effect of Islam on growth is all the more important as the non-Arab Muslim countries have a wider cultural value system. While for the total sample and the sub-sample of Arab-Muslim countries, the cultural dimension does not affect the relationship between Islam and economic growth.

Research limitations/implications

Although there are more religions, the authors have considered only Islam as its relationship with economic, social and cultural development and its influence on the entrepreneurial culture is problematic. Maybe a comparative study between different religions offers us a more convincing result.

Practical implications

Social conditions, cultural heritage and race (Arab or non-Arab) play an important role in determining the relationship between Islam and economic development.

Social implications

The effect of Islam remains dependent on Islamic thought and its long-term orientation, uncertainty avoidance and the level of social value creation in the countries where it is practiced.

Originality/value

On the theoretical and on the empirical level, the analysis of the relationship between Islam and development is rarely addressed in the relevant literature because of its sociologically sensitive aspect. Islam would have a positive effect on growth when it evolves in countries that have built their growth on an extroverted and developed economic model and an adequate social and cultural value creation system. However, unemployment, illiteracy, cultural patrimony and race of the Muslim population (Arab or non-Arab) plays, in the long run, a very important role in determining the relationship between Islam and economic growth.

中文翻译：

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伊斯兰教是否促进增长：来自阿拉伯穆斯林国家和非阿拉伯穆斯林国家的证据

目的

本文旨在调查伊斯兰教作为一套道德和文化价值观，在 1990-2019 年期间对 17 个穆斯林国家的经济增长和发展的影响。

设计/方法/方法

为了确定伊斯兰教与经济增长之间的关系，作者使用自回归分布滞后 (ARDL) 模型进行了实证面板数据分析。该研究首先对 17 个穆斯林国家的样本进行，然后对 2 个由 12 个阿拉伯穆斯林国家和 5 个非阿拉伯穆斯林国家组成的子样本进行。

发现

实证分析表明，伊斯兰教与阿拉伯穆斯林国家的经济增长之间存在显着的负相关关系。而对于非阿拉伯穆斯林国家来说，这种关系仍然是积极的。在引入互动的社会变量（失业和文盲）之后，作者表明，失业率上升加剧了伊斯兰教对增长的负面影响。虽然文盲的影响在统计上仍然微不足道。然而，对于非阿拉伯穆斯林国家来说，伊斯兰教对增长的积极影响更大，因为这些国家有大量的社会沉思。然而，交互文化变量（不确定性回避指数和长期导向）的引入，表明伊斯兰教对增长的积极影响更为重要，因为非阿拉伯穆斯林国家拥有更广泛的文化价值体系。而对于阿拉伯穆斯林国家的总样本和子样本，文化维度并不影响伊斯兰教与经济增长之间的关系。

研究限制/影响

尽管有更多的宗教，但作者只考虑了伊斯兰教，因为它与经济、社会和文化发展的关系及其对企业文化的影响是有问题的。也许不同宗教之间的比较研究可以为我们提供更令人信服的结果。

实际影响

社会条件、文化遗产和种族（阿拉伯或非阿拉伯）在确定伊斯兰教与经济发展之间的关系方面发挥着重要作用。

社会影响

伊斯兰教的影响仍然取决于伊斯兰教思想及其长期定位、不确定性的避免以及在其实践国家的社会价值创造水平。

原创性/价值

在理论和经验层面，由于其社会学敏感性，相关文献很少涉及对伊斯兰教与发展之间关系的分析。当伊斯兰教在那些将增长建立在外向和发达的经济模式以及适当的社会和文化价值创造体系之上的国家发展时，它会对增长产生积极影响。然而，从长远来看，穆斯林人口（阿拉伯人或非阿拉伯人）的失业、文盲、文化遗产和种族在决定伊斯兰教与经济增长之间的关系方面起着非常重要的作用。