Carbon materials are widely used in solar-powered seawater desalination (SSD) and have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Recent developments of carbon-based solar absorbers in SSD are reviewed, including composites of carbon materials with other materials such as metal nanoparticles, semiconductors and biomass materials, their photothermal conversion mechanisms, light utilization efficiencies and salt resistance, and the processes of thermal transport and water transfer. The important roles of carbon in SSD are highlighted, including increasing light absorption, improving photothermal conversion efficiency, and balancing water transfer and salt resistance. The key challenges of carbon-based materials in SSD applications are discussed.

碳材料广泛应用于太阳能海水淡化（SSD），近年来受到了广泛关注。综述了SSD中碳基太阳能吸收剂的最新发展，包括碳材料与金属纳米颗粒、半导体和生物质材料等其他材料的复合材料、它们的光热转换机制、光利用效率和耐盐性，以及热传输和吸收过程。水转移。突出了碳在SSD中的重要作用，包括增加光吸收、提高光热转换效率以及平衡水传输和耐盐性。讨论了 SSD 应用中碳基材料的主要挑战。