This paper studies the impact phenomena of the metallic microparticles with the vacuum gap in the range of 10–50 mm under different breakdown voltages in vacuum interrupters. The results show that for the vacuum gap 10–40 mm, the average impact velocities of the microparticles increase linearly with the increase of the vacuum gap, and the impact could damage the cathode surface, which would cause irregularities and give high local field enhancement, finally it may lead to vacuum breakdown. For the vacuum gap 40–50 mm, the average impact velocities of the microparticles are thought to enter the saturation region and remain nearly constant. The impact could cause more metal vapor, which may lead to developing gradually into the vacuum breakdown. Furthermore, the materials with the higher yield stress will cause more obvious fractures and broken phenomena on the edge of the craters, which would have an influence on the vacuum breakdown.

中文翻译：

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真空断路器击穿电压下金属微粒的冲击现象

本文研究了真空断续器中真空间隙在10-50mm范围内的金属微粒在不同击穿电压下的撞击现象。结果表明，对于10-40 mm的真空间隙，微粒的平均冲击速度随着真空间隙的增加而线性增加，并且冲击会损坏阴极表面，这会导致不规则并产生较高的局部场增强，最后可能导致真空击穿。对于 40-50 毫米的真空间隙，微粒的平均冲击速度被认为进入饱和区并几乎保持不变。撞击可能会导致更多的金属蒸气，这可能会导致逐渐发展为真空击穿。此外，