In two dimensions, an s-wave superconductor in the presence of Rashba spin−orbit coupling possesses distinct topologically nontrivial ground-state phases controlled by Zeeman splitting and band filling. These phases can be characterized in terms of spin textures in momentum space. Although the spin texture becomes topologically trivial at finite temperatures, thermodynamic signatures that are directly related to the topological phase transitions of the ground state are identified. In particular, relative maxima in the entropy as a function of the magnetic field in the vicinity of topological phase transitions emerge and are attributed to a sign change in the derivative of the magnetization with respect to temperature.

中文翻译：

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有限温度下 S 波超导体的拓扑相变特征

在二维中，存在 Rashba 自旋轨道耦合的 s 波超导体具有由塞曼分裂和能带填充控制的不同拓扑非平凡基态相。这些阶段可以用动量空间中的自旋纹理来表征。尽管自旋纹理在有限温度下拓扑变得微不足道，但确定了与基态拓扑相变直接相关的热力学特征。特别是，在拓扑相变附近出现了作为磁场函数的熵的相对最大值，这归因于磁化强度相对于温度的导数的符号变化。