Abstract

Currently, more than 60 units of generating equipment for power plants are involved in standardized primary frequency control (SPFC). The active power of such power units or turbines should vary in proportion to the deviations of the network frequency (turbine rotation speed) with certain dynamic characteristics. For the objectivity of assessing the quality of power plants' participation in the SPFC, nine criteria were formulated, for which mathematical algorithms were developed. One of the important criteria that is used for automatic control of the participation of power plants in the SPFC is the assessment of the actual values of the “deadband” and statism of the primary regulation. In practice, when using the existing algorithm to determine the values of the deadband and statism of the primary regulation, an incorrect result is often obtained. Incorrect calculation results lead to economic losses of power plants participating in the SPFC and inadequate assessment of the technical state of turbine control systems. The article discusses the existing methodology for assessing the actual values of statism and deadband of the primary regulation of generating equipment when operating in normalized primary frequency regulation. The assumptions used in its development and leading to an additional error of the method are analyzed, for example, that the actual static characteristic is symmetrical relative to zero. Examples of incorrect calculations obtained using the existing methodology are given. An alternative method for evaluating these parameters of primary regulation, which allows them to be more accurately and objectively evaluated, is proposed and it is compared with the existing methodology. A description of the calculation algorithm using an alternative method is given, its features and advantages are considered, including the absence of restrictions on the amount of initial data. Comparative graphs and data of estimates of the actual values of the deadband and statism of primary regulation, obtained using the considered algorithms, for various equipment involved in the normalized primary regulation of frequency are presented. It is shown that the values obtained using the proposed algorithm more adequately characterize the actual dependence of the generating equipment’s active power on changes in the network frequency, which makes it possible to obtain more representative and adequate data in comparison with the results of calculations using the existing methodology and, accordingly, to give an objective assessment of the generating equipment’s operation.

中文翻译：

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确定 TPP 设备初级控制的下垂和死区实际值的方法

摘要

目前，超过60台发电厂发电设备涉及标准化一次频率控制（SPFC）。这种动力装置或涡轮机的有功功率应与电网频率（涡轮机转速）的偏差成比例变化，并具有一定的动态特性。为了评估电厂参与 SPFC 质量的客观性，制定了九个标准，并为此开发了数学算法。用于自动控制发电厂参与 SPFC 的重要标准之一是评估“死区”的实际值和初级监管的统计量。在实践中，当使用现有算法确定初级调节的死区和统计量的值时，经常得到错误的结果。不正确的计算结果导致参与 SPFC 的发电厂的经济损失和对汽轮机控制系统技术状态的评估不充分。本文讨论了在标准化一次频率调节下运行时评估发电设备一次调节的静态和死区实际值的现有方法。分析了在其开发中使用并导致该方法的附加误差的假设，例如，实际静态特性相对于零对称。给出了使用现有方法获得的错误计算示例。一种评估初级调节参数的替代方法，可以更准确和客观地评估它们，提出并与现有方法进行比较。给出了使用替代方法的计算算法的描述，考虑了它的特点和优点，包括对初始数据量没有限制。提供了使用所考虑的算法获得的用于涉及标准化初级频率调节的各种设备的死区和初级调节统计的实际值的估计的比较图和数据。结果表明，使用所提出的算法获得的值更充分地表征了发电设备有功功率对网络频率变化的实际依赖性，这使得与使用该算法的计算结果相比，可以获得更具代表性和充分性的数据。现有的方法和，