Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play an essential role in brain development. Emerging data have suggested a possible link between an imbalance in PUFAs and cognitive behavioral deficits in offspring. A diet rich in high linoleic acid (HLA), typically from preconception to lactation, leads to an increase in the ratio of omega-6 (n-6) to omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in the fetus. Arising research has suggested that a deficiency in omega-3 fatty acids is a potential risk factor for inducing autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-like behavioral deficits. However, the impact of a high n- diet during preconception, pregnancy, lactation, and post-weaning on the brain development of adolescent offspring are yet to be determined. This study examined whether consumption of an HLA diet during pregnancy, lactation, and post-weaning induced social and cognitive impairments in female and male offspring rats that resemble autistic phenotypes in humans. Female Wistar Kyoto rats were fed with either HLA or low linoleic acid (LLA) control diet for 10 weeks before mating, then continued with the same diet throughout the pregnancy and lactation period. Female and male offspring at 5 weeks old were subjected to behavioral tests to assess social interaction behavior and depression-/anxiety-like behavior. Our result showed that chronic consumption of an HLA diet did not affect sociability and social recognition memory, but induced depression-like behavior in male but not in female offspring.

多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 在大脑发育中起着至关重要的作用。新出现的数据表明，多不饱和脂肪酸的失衡与后代的认知行为缺陷之间可能存在联系。富含高亚油酸 (HLA) 的饮食，通常是从怀孕前到哺乳期，会导致胎儿中 omega-6 (n-6) 与 omega-3 (n-3) 脂肪酸的比例增加。新兴研究表明，缺乏 omega-3 脂肪酸是诱发自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 样行为缺陷的潜在风险因素。然而，尚未确定在怀孕前、怀孕、哺乳和断奶后高 n 饮食对青春期后代大脑发育的影响。本研究检查是否在怀孕、哺乳期间食用 HLA 饮食，和断奶后诱导的雌性和雄性后代大鼠的社会和认知障碍，类似于人类的自闭症表型。雌性 Wistar Kyoto 大鼠在交配前喂食 HLA 或低亚油酸 (LLA) 对照饮食 10 周，然后在整个怀孕和哺乳期间继续使用相同的饮食。对 5 周大的雌性和雄性后代进行行为测试，以评估社交互动行为和抑郁/焦虑样行为。我们的研究结果表明，长期食用 HLA 饮食不会影响社交能力和社会认知记忆，但会在雄性中诱发抑郁样行为，但不会在雌性后代中引起。雌性 Wistar Kyoto 大鼠在交配前喂食 HLA 或低亚油酸 (LLA) 对照饮食 10 周，然后在整个怀孕和哺乳期间继续使用相同的饮食。对 5 周大的雌性和雄性后代进行行为测试，以评估社交互动行为和抑郁/焦虑样行为。我们的研究结果表明，长期食用 HLA 饮食不会影响社交能力和社会认知记忆，但会在雄性中诱发抑郁样行为，但不会在雌性后代中引起。雌性 Wistar Kyoto 大鼠在交配前喂食 HLA 或低亚油酸 (LLA) 对照饮食 10 周，然后在整个怀孕和哺乳期间继续使用相同的饮食。对 5 周大的雌性和雄性后代进行行为测试，以评估社交互动行为和抑郁/焦虑样行为。我们的研究结果表明，长期食用 HLA 饮食不会影响社交能力和社会认知记忆，但会在雄性中诱发抑郁样行为，但不会在雌性后代中引起。