ABSTRACT

We discuss the economic and institutional factors that contribute to regions retaining university spinouts (USOs) founded within their borders as well as attracting USOs from other regions. Using UK data, we find that those regions with high USO retention rates have lower urbanization and localization economies. This suggests that locally founded USOs take advantage of cheaper inputs in addition to benefits that come from proximity to their home university. However, regions with high USO attraction rates have higher localization economies and innovation resources, suggesting that USOs move there to benefit from dynamic innovation systems. This study offers some general implications for regional and national industrial policy, including the ‘levelling up’ regional policy agenda.

摘要

我们讨论了有助于地区保留在其境内建立的大学衍生 (USO) 以及吸引来自其他地区的 USO 的经济和制度因素。使用英国的数据，我们发现那些 USO 保留率高的地区的城市化和本地化经济较低。这表明，除了靠近本国大学的好处外，当地成立的 USO 还利用更便宜的投入。然而，USO 吸引率高的地区拥有更高的本地化经济和创新资源，这表明 USO 搬到那里是为了从动态的创新系统中受益。本研究为区域和国家产业政策提供了一些一般意义，包括“提升”区域政策议程。