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Potentiality of Soil Mulch and Sorghum Extract to Reduce the Biotic Stress of Weeds with Enhancing Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Maize Crop
Gesunde Pflanzen ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s10343-021-00577-z
Hani Saber Saudy 1 , Mohamed El-Bially 1 , Eman Khaled Abo El-Nasr 1 , Goma Ahmed Abd El-Samad 1 , Khaled Ameen Ramadan 2
Affiliation  

Two field trials were conducted in 2018 and 2019 to develop practical and economically efficient weed control programs in corn. The experiment included six treatments (cowpea, rice straw, sorghum extract, hoeing, foramsulfuron herbicide and weedy check). The treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design with four replicates. Findings showed that reduction in total weed number was evident with application of hoeing, cowpea and rice straw in 2018 and 2019 seasons, in addition to foramsulfuron herbicide and sorghum extract in 2019. Cowpea, hoeing, foramsulfuron herbicide and rice straw recorded higher reduction in dry biomass of grassy weeds in both seasons. Reductions in N, P and K uptake by weeds because of rice straw and cowpea treatments were similar to hoeing treatment in both seasons. The increases in ear grain weight and grain yield ha−1 due to cowpea and hoeing treatments were similar to rice straw one. In 2019 season, cowpea treatment was the superior practice for improving N, P and K uptake of maize, significantly leveling hoeing for K uptake. The values of gross returns and benefit/cost ratio of cowpea and sorghum extract, respectively, were higher than rice straw application. In conclusion, cowpea as a live mulch achieved acceptable weed control in maize by reducing weeds growth and lowering their ability to deplete the soil nutrients. Also, cowpea treatment improves growth and yield of maize with better utilization of nutrients. Thus, cowpea could be exploited as an eco-friendly method of weed management programs in maize cultivation.



中文翻译:

土壤覆盖物和高粱提取物降低杂草生物胁迫并提高玉米作物产量和养分吸收的潜力

2018 年和 2019 年进行了两次田间试验,以开发实用且经济高效的玉米杂草控制计划。试验包括6个处理(豇豆、稻草、高粱浸膏、锄草、甲磺隆除草剂和杂草检查)。处理以随机完整区组设计排列,重复四次。结果表明,除 2019 年施用甲磺隆除草剂和高粱提取物外,2018 年和 2019 年施用锄头、豇豆和稻草后,杂草总数明显减少。两个季节禾本科杂草的生物量。由于稻草和豇豆处理,杂草对 N、P 和 K 吸收的减少与两个季节的锄草处理相似。-1由于豇豆和锄头处理类似于稻草处理。2019年,豇豆处理是提高玉米氮磷钾吸收的优良作法,显着平整锄草对钾的吸收。豇豆和高粱提取物的总收益和收益/成本比值分别高于稻草施用。总之,豇豆作为活覆盖物,通过减少杂草生长和降低它们消耗土壤养分的能力,在玉米中实现了可接受的杂草控制。此外,豇豆处理提高了玉米的生长和产量,更好地利用了养分。因此,豇豆可以作为一种生态友好的玉米种植杂草管理方法加以利用。

更新日期:2021-08-19
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