Food is critical to the survival and development of insects. Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), a Lepidoptera model insect with economic significance, is a well-known oligophagous insect that mainly feeds on mulberry leaves. The feeding characteristics of this particular species provide an excellent model for studying the food selection of insect host plants. In recent years, there has been an increasing number of studies on the factors affecting the feeding of silkworms, especially with the development of molecular technology. Many mysteries have been gradually solved. This paper summarizes and discusses the factors that affect the feeding of silkworms, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms of silkworm feeding. It is hoped that this work will be helpful for further research on artificial diets for silkworms and disease control in lepidopteran insects.

食物对昆虫的生存和发育至关重要。家蚕（鳞翅目：Bombycidae）是一种具有经济意义的鳞翅目模式昆虫，是著名的寡食性昆虫，主要以桑叶为食。该特定物种的摄食特性为研究昆虫寄主植物的食物选择提供了极好的模型。近年来，特别是随着分子技术的发展，对影响家蚕摄食因素的研究越来越多。许多谜团已经逐渐解开。本文对影响家蚕摄食的因素进行了总结和探讨，重点阐述了家蚕摄食的分子机制。希望这项工作有助于进一步研究蚕人工饲料和鳞翅目昆虫的疾病控制。