An analytical evaporation model for multi-component spherical and spheroidal drops, based on the analytical solution of the Stefan–Maxwell equations is proposed to study the multi-component steady diffusion in the gas phase. A comparison with the ‘classical’ approach based on the Fick’s law is reported for three families of liquid mixtures, namely alkanes, alcohols and water solutions of alcohols under a wide range of operating conditions. The local vapour fluxes of each vaporising species on the drop surface are correlated with the local Gaussian curvature. The effects of drop shape and of the modelling of constitutive equations on the evaporation rates are discussed. Comparison of the present model with experimental measurements of different compositions of tetradecane–hexadecane drops vaporising in stagnant air shows a rather satisfactory agreement.

提出了一种基于 Stefan-Maxwell 方程解析解的多组分球形和类球状液滴的分析蒸发模型，以研究气相中的多组分稳态扩散。报告了与基于菲克定律的“经典”方法的比较，用于三类液体混合物，即烷烃、醇和醇的水溶液在各种操作条件下。液滴表面上每个蒸发物质的局部蒸汽通量与局部高斯曲率相关。讨论了液滴形状和本构方程建模对蒸发速率的影响。