As a disaster prevention measure based on self-assistance and mutual assistance, disaster prevention maps are being created with citizen participation throughout Japan. The process of creating disaster prevention maps is itself a disaster prevention measure that contributes to raising awareness of disaster prevention by promoting exchange and cooperation within the region. By focusing on relations between road networks and hazardous elements, we developed a system to support disaster prevention map creation that visualizes roads at high risk during a disaster and facilitates the study of evacuation simulations. This system leads to a completed disaster prevention map in three phases. In the first phase, we use a device with GPS logging functions to collect information related to hazardous elements. In the second phase, we use Google Maps (“online map,” below) to visualize roads with high evacuation risk. In the final phase, we perform a regional evaluation through simulations of disaster-time evacuations. In experimental verifications, by conducting usability tests after creating a disaster prevention map in the target area, we evaluated the system in terms of simple operability and visibility. We found that by implementing this series of processes, even users lacking specialized knowledge regarding disaster prevention can intuitively discover evacuation routes while considering the relations between visualized road networks and hazardous elements. These results show that compared with disaster prevention maps having simple site notations using existing WebGIS systems, disaster prevention maps created by residents while inspecting the target area raise awareness of risks present in the immediate vicinity even in normal times and are an effective support system for prompt disaster prevention measures and evacuation drills.

中文翻译：

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开发以道路网络和危险要素为中心的防灾地图制作支援系统

作为基于自救和互助的防灾措施，日本全国正在制作全民参与的防灾地图。防灾地图的制作过程本身就是一种防灾措施，通过促进区域内的交流与合作，有助于提高防灾意识。通过关注道路网络和危险因素之间的关系，我们开发了一个支持防灾地图创建的系统，该系统将灾害期间的高风险道路可视化，并促进了疏散模拟的研究。这个系统导致一个完整的防灾地图分三个阶段。在第一阶段，我们使用具有 GPS 记录功能的设备来收集与危险元素相关的信息。在第二阶段，我们使用谷歌地图（下称“在线地图”）来可视化具有高疏散风险的道路。在最后阶段，我们通过模拟灾时疏散进行区域评估。在实验验证中，通过在目标区域创建防灾地图后进行可用性测试，我们从简单的可操作性和可见性方面评估了系统。我们发现，通过实施这一系列流程，即使是缺乏防灾专业知识的用户，也可以在考虑可视化路网与危险因素之间的关系的同时，直观地发现疏散路线。这些结果表明，与使用现有 WebGIS 系统具有简单站点符号的防灾地图相比，