To comprehensively analyze the risk factors, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) enteritis. This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients who had undergone pathological examinations for CMV enteritis. They were divided into CMV and non-CMV groups according to immunohistochemistry staining results. The risk factors, clinical presentations, endoscopic features, treatments, outcomes, and prognostic factors of CMV enteritis were then analyzed. Forty-two patients (18 CMV, 24 non-CMV group) were included in the study. Major clinical presentations in the CMV group included gastrointestinal bleeding (72.2%), abdominal pain (55.6%), and fever (33.3%); ulcers (72.2%) were the most common endoscopic findings. In-hospital and overall mortality rates were 27.8% and 38.9%, respectively; and longer hospital stays and higher overall mortality rates were observed. Radiotherapy and C-reactive protein levels were prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality. The risk factors for CMV enteritis included immunocompromised status (p = 0.013), steroid use (p = 0.014), shock (p = 0.031), concurrent pneumonia (p = 0.01), antibiotic exposure (p < 0.001), radiotherapy (p = 0.027), chronic kidney disease (p = 0.041), and CMV colitis (p = 0.031). Physicians should pay attention to the characteristics of CMV enteritis in high-risk patients to make an early diagnosis and potentially improve the clinical outcome.

中文翻译：

---

巨细胞病毒性肠炎的临床表现、危险因素及预后因素

综合分析巨细胞病毒（CMV）肠炎的危险因素、临床特征、结局和预后因素。这项回顾性队列研究纳入了已接受 CMV 肠炎病理检查的患者。根据免疫组化染色结果分为CMV组和非CMV组。然后分析了 CMV 肠炎的危险因素、临床表现、内镜特征、治疗、结果和预后因素。研究中包括 42 名患者（18 名 CMV，24 名非 CMV 组）。CMV组的主要临床表现包括消化道出血（72.2%）、腹痛（55.6%）和发热（33.3%）；溃疡 (72.2%) 是最常见的内镜检查结果。住院死亡率和总体死亡率分别为 27.8% 和 38.9%；并且观察到更长的住院时间和更高的总体死亡率。放疗和 C 反应蛋白水平是院内死亡率的预后因素。CMV 肠炎的危险因素包括免疫功能低下状态 (p = 0.013)、类固醇使用 (p = 0.014)、休克 (p = 0.031)、并发肺炎 (p = 0.01)、抗生素暴露 (p < 0.001)、放疗 (p = 0.027)、慢性肾病 (p = 0.041) 和 CMV 结肠炎 (p = 0.031)。医师应注意高危患者CMV肠炎的特点，尽早诊断，改善临床预后。类固醇使用 (p = 0.014)、休克 (p = 0.031)、并发肺炎 (p = 0.01)、抗生素暴露 (p < 0.001)、放疗 (p = 0.027)、慢性肾病 (p = 0.041) 和 CMV 结肠炎(p = 0.031)。医师应注意高危患者CMV肠炎的特点，尽早诊断，改善临床预后。类固醇使用 (p = 0.014)、休克 (p = 0.031)、并发肺炎 (p = 0.01)、抗生素暴露 (p < 0.001)、放疗 (p = 0.027)、慢性肾病 (p = 0.041) 和 CMV 结肠炎(p = 0.031)。医师应注意高危患者CMV肠炎的特点，尽早诊断，改善临床预后。