The Peirce–Smith (PS) converter is one of the pyrometallurgical copper smelting processes, in which the flow field in the converter has an important influence on production efficiency. In this study, a CFD simulation of the air–oil–water cold model with a ratio of 1:5 was adopted to investigate the gas–liquid–liquid three-phase flow characteristics. The effect of nozzle height on the flow field, velocity, phase, and wall shear stress have been described. The optimal nozzle height is 0.105–0.125 m, under which the flow field distributed uniformly and the gas–liquid mixing was sufficient. The shear stress on the lining wall above the nozzles is larger than in other places, so the nozzle height can be changed regularly during the injection process to make the lining near the nozzles be scoured evenly so prolonging the furnace service life. The optimal nozzle height for an industrial PS converter was suggested to be from 0.525 m to 0.625 m.

Peirce-Smith (PS) 转炉是火法炼铜工艺之一，转炉内的流场对生产效率有重要影响。本研究采用1:5比例的空气-油-水冷模型CFD模拟来研究气-液-液三相流动特性。已经描述了喷嘴高度对流场、速度、相位和壁面剪切应力的影响。最佳喷嘴高度为0.105-0.125 m，在此条件下流场分布均匀，气液混合充分。喷嘴上方衬壁的剪切应力比其他地方大，因此在注射过程中可以定期改变喷嘴高度，使喷嘴附近的衬里得到均匀冲刷，从而延长炉子使用寿命。