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Spatial assessment of albatrosses, commercial fisheries, and bycatch incidents on Canada’s Pacific coast
Marine Ecology Progress Series ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-19 , DOI: 10.3354/meps13783
CH Fox 1, 2 , C Robertson 3 , PD O’Hara 4 , R Tadey 5 , KH Morgan 4
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT: Fisheries bycatch mortality poses a primary threat to the majority of the world’s 22 albatross species, 15 of which are at risk of extinction. Although quantitative estimates of albatross bycatch are often unavailable due to a relative or total absence of monitoring, spatial overlap between fisheries and albatrosses is often used to estimate the extent of interaction, a proxy for exposure to bycatch, and to inform avoidance and mitigation actions. Using comprehensive records of commercial demersal longline and trap fishing and survey information for albatrosses (black-footed albatross Phoebastria nigripes, Laysan albatross P. immutabilis, short-tailed albatross P. albatrus), the extent of spatial potential interaction was estimated in Canada’s Pacific coast waters and examined across breeding and non-breeding seasons. The distributions of albatrosses and longline and trap fisheries were found to substantially overlap, with potential interaction hotspots concentrated along the continental shelf break. Trap fisheries reported 1 albatross bycatch incident, suggesting that these fisheries are responsible for negligible albatross mortalities. In contrast, >80% of recorded albatross bycatch incidents occurred within 10 km of albatross-longline fisheries hotspot locations, providing evidence that longline-albatross potential interaction hotspots represent actual areas of elevated bycatch mortality risk. Indicative of potential conservation concern, 60% of short-tailed albatross sightings occurred within 10 km, and 93% within 30 km, of longline-albatross potential interaction hotspots. By contributing knowledge regarding albatross-fisheries interactions, in addition to undertaking the first evaluation of albatross-fisheries hotspots with recorded bycatch incidents on Canada’s Pacific coast, this study represents a step towards enhancing albatross conservation through bycatch avoidance and mitigation.

中文翻译:

加拿大太平洋沿岸信天翁、商业渔业和兼捕事件的空间评估

摘要:渔业兼捕死亡率对世界上 22 种信天翁物种中的大多数构成主要威胁,其中 15 种面临灭绝风险。尽管由于相对或完全缺乏监测,常常无法获得信天翁兼捕的定量估计,但渔业和信天翁之间的空间重叠经常被用来估计相互作用的程度、暴露于兼捕的代理,以及为避免和缓解行动提供信息。利用商业底层延绳钓和诱捕捕捞和信天翁调查信息的综合记录(黑脚信天翁Phoebastria nigripes、Laysan albatross P. immutabilis、短尾信天翁P. albatrus),在加拿大太平洋沿岸水域估计了空间潜在相互作用的程度,并在繁殖和非繁殖季节进行了检查。发现信天翁和延绳钓和诱捕渔业的分布有很大的重叠,潜在的相互作用热点集中在大陆架断裂带。陷阱渔业报告了 1 起信天翁兼捕事件,这表明这些渔业造成的信天翁死亡率微乎其微。相比之下,超过 80% 的记录信天翁兼捕事件发生在信天翁-延绳钓渔业热点位置 10 公里范围内,提供证据表明延绳钓-信天翁潜在相互作用热点代表了兼捕死亡率风险升高的实际区域。表明潜在的保护问题,60% 的短尾信天翁目击事件发生在 10 公里范围内,30 公里范围内 93% 是延绳钓-信天翁潜在相互作用热点。通过提供有关信天翁-渔业相互作用的知识,除了对加拿大太平洋沿岸记录的兼捕事件的信天翁-渔业热点进行首次评估外,这项研究代表了通过避免和减轻兼捕来加强信天翁保护的一步。
更新日期:2021-08-19
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