By using first principle calculations, a simple model of salinity sensor based on graphene electrode is constructed and its electron transport property is systematically investigated. It is found that all saltwater clusters at different salinity exhibit an obvious increase of the current while the saltwater to be detected is passing through the device. Moreover, only changing one Na atom acted as the conductive medium, and the electron transport behaviors could be clearly distinguished among the saltwater by negative differential resistance phenomenon, which demonstrates that the graphene-based salinity sensor could be capable of distinguishing saltwater at different salinity efficiently and accurately. This study provides a new path for the creation of the novel salinity sensor by graphene and other 2D material electrode.

中文翻译：

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二维材料盐度测量的第一原理研究

通过第一性原理计算，构建了基于石墨烯电极的盐度传感器的简单模型，并对其电子传输特性进行了系统研究。发现不同盐度的所有咸水簇在待检测咸水通过装置时均表现出明显的电流增加。此外，仅改变一个钠原子作为导电介质，通过负微分电阻现象可以清楚地区分盐水中的电子传输行为，这表明基于石墨烯的盐度传感器能够有效区分不同盐度的盐水。并且准确。该研究为利用石墨烯和其他二维材料电极制造新型盐度传感器提供了一条新途径。