El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major ocean–atmospheric coupled phenomenon in the Tropical Pacific Ocean that influences the Indian summer-time temperatures during April and May. In the current analysis, we examined the impact of ENSO on Indian heat waves. Temperature zones are identified when the maximum temperature exceeds 42°C, particularly during April and May over the Indian subcontinent. The results depicted three different regions (west Rajasthan, northwest and southwest UP, and south-central India) that experienced the frequency in days with maximum temperature above 42°C. These means are compared with those of Preceding El Nino (PEN), El Nino (EN) and Succeeding El Nino (SEN) events. It is found that PEN and SEN years experienced high positive anomalies. It can be seen that an increase in surface temperatures and heat waves are closely associated with the strengthening of north-westerlies and reduction of geopotential height at 500 hPa level, reduction of soil moisture and increase of sea surface temperatures (SST) during PEN and SEN events. The results also show that the variations in temperature and heat waves over northeast India are different from the rest of India during EN and SEN years. The three maximum temperatures regions of (1) west Rajasthan, (2) east Uttar Pradesh, and (3) Vidarbha, are identified based on both the magnitude and frequency days of above 42°C maximum temperatures. The spectrum analysis is performed for the monthly time series of the days exceeding daily surface maximum temperature 42°C for the three regions and identified the dominant periodicities with 2.2–2.8 and 3.3–8.5 years, which could be endorsed to ENSO and QBO frequencies.

厄尔尼诺南方涛动 (ENSO) 是热带太平洋中一种主要的海洋-大气耦合现象，会影响印度 4 月和 5 月的夏季气温。在当前的分析中，我们研究了 ENSO 对印度热浪的影响。当最高温度超过 42°C 时，就会确定温度带，特别是在印度次大陆的 4 月和 5 月期间。结果描述了三个不同的地区（拉贾斯坦邦西部、UP 西北部和西南部以及印度中南部），这些地区经历了最高气温超过 42°C 的天数。将这些平均值与之前的厄尔尼诺 (PEN)、厄尔尼诺 (EN) 和后续的厄尔尼诺 (SEN) 事件的平均值进行比较。发现 PEN 和 SEN 年经历了高正异常。可见，在PEN和SEN期间，地表温度和热浪的增加与西北风加强和500 hPa位势高度降低、土壤水分减少和海面温度（SST）升高密切相关。事件。结果还表明，在 EN 和 SEN 年，印度东北部的温度和热浪变化与印度其他地区不同。(1) 拉贾斯坦西部、(2) 北方邦东部和 (3) Vidarbha 的三个最高气温区域是根据高于 42°C 最高气温的幅度和频率天数确定的。对三个区域超过每日地表最高温度 42°C 的天数的月时间序列进行频谱分析，并确定了 2.2-2.8 和 3 的主导周期。