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Isotopic techniques in aquaculture nutrition: State of the art and future perspectives
Reviews in Aquaculture ( IF 10.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 , DOI: 10.1111/raq.12609
Julián Gamboa‐Delgado 1
Affiliation  

Animal nutrition studies rely on traditional and advanced analytical techniques that have increased our understanding about the nutritional physiology of valuable species, leading to improved productivity, sustainability and further diversification. In the case of aquaculture nutrition, a vast amount of knowledge has accumulated in relation to different physiological responses elicited by experimental diets and feeding regimes. By measuring assimilation, inferences can be made about the specific dietary components that were digested, incorporated into tissue and used for metabolic functions. One of the most common methods applied to estimate assimilation consists of measuring stable isotope values at natural abundance levels in feeding items and consuming animals. Isotopic measurements have been of great assistance to identify nutrient sources contributing to the growth of larval and juvenile organisms. The techniques have also been useful to determine nutrient flows in several types of aquaculture systems. The present manuscript reviews the most recent applications and findings derived from studies that have used stable isotope analyses to (1) estimate nutrient assimilation in larval and juvenile organisms, (2) evaluate trophic dynamics and bioremediation potential of macroalgae and invertebrates in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture systems and (3) investigate the trophic plasticity of aquatic species. The progressively more frequent application of compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids and fatty acids is emphasized as it has allowed exploring the physiological fate of specific organic compounds, while also assisting in the definition of nutritional requirements for aquatic species. Future nutritional applications of analytical techniques based on stable isotope measurements are addressed.

中文翻译:

水产养殖营养同位素技术:最新技术和未来展望

动物营养研究依赖于传统和先进的分析技术,这些技术增加了我们对有价值物种的营养生理学的理解,从而提高了生产力、可持续性和进一步的多样化。在水产养殖营养方面,已经积累了大量与实验日粮和饲养方式引起的不同生理反应有关的知识。通过测量同化,可以推断被消化、整合到组织中并用于代谢功能的特定膳食成分。用于估计同化的最常用方法之一包括在喂养物品和食用动物的自然丰度水平下测量稳定同位素值。同位素测量对确定有助于幼体和幼体生物生长的营养来源有很大帮助。这些技术也可用于确定几种水产养殖系统中的养分流量。本手稿回顾了使用稳定同位素分析(1)估计幼虫和幼体生物的营养同化,(2)评估综合多营养生物中大型藻类和无脊椎动物的营养动态和生物修复潜力的研究的最新应用和发现。水产养殖系统和 (3) 调查水生物种的营养可塑性。强调越来越频繁地应用氨基酸和脂肪酸的化合物特异性同位素分析,因为它允许探索特定有机化合物的生理命运,同时也有助于确定水生物种的营养需求。解决了基于稳定同位素测量的分析技术的未来营养应用。
更新日期:2021-08-17
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