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Natural attenuation and bioremediation of chlorpyrifos and endosulfan in periurban horticultural soils of Buenos Aires (Argentina) using microcosms assays
Applied Soil Ecology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104192
Sonia Cabrera 1 , Marta Zubillaga 1 , Javier M. Montserrat 2, 3
Affiliation  

Chlorpyrifos and endosulfan degradations were compared at laboratory scale in three different soils: a conventional horticultural (SH), an accredited 25 year organic horticultural (SA) and a reference soil (SR) used as control. Chlorpyrifos and α-endosulfan degradation half-lives were, respectively, in the range 7.2 d – 9.8 d and 4.4 d – 6.6 d, finding no statistical difference for any soil. In the case of β-endosulfan, a difference was found in degradation half-lives, being: SR (25.8 d) < SA (49.1 d) < SH (102.1 d), indicating some difficulty, in the case of the traditional horticultural soil, to biodegrade this isomer. Three different biostimulants: poultry litter (CP), bokashi (fermented organic matter, BKS) and ramial chipped wood (BRF) were added to soil to explore the increase of chlorpyrifos and endosulfan biodegradation. While no improvement was observed for chlorpyrifos, all biostimulants favoured endosulfan degradation. In the case of BKS endosulfan half-life was reduced ca. three times (considering both isomers). Seed germination bioassays were performed using soil and biostimulant to evaluate potential ecotoxicological impacts. CP had a significant inhibitory effect on germination, hypocotyl elongation, radicle length and hypocotyl length, while BKS and BRF parameters were more similar to the control performance.



中文翻译:

使用微观分析法对布宜诺斯艾利斯(阿根廷)城郊园艺土壤中毒死蜱和硫丹的自然衰减和生物修复

在实验室规模下比较了三种不同土壤中毒死蜱和硫丹的降解情况:传统园艺 (SH)、经认可的 25 年有机园艺 (SA) 和用作对照的参考土壤 (SR)。毒死蜱和 α-硫丹的降解半衰期分别为 7.2 天至 9.8 天和 4.4 天至 6.6 天,没有发现任何土壤的统计差异。就 β-硫丹而言,降解半衰期存在差异,即:SR (25.8 d) < SA (49.1 d) < SH (102.1 d),表明在传统园艺土壤的情况下存在一些困难, 以生物降解该异构体。将三种不同的生物刺激剂:家禽垫料 (CP)、bokashi(发酵有机质,BKS)和枝状碎木 (BRF) 添加到土壤中,以探索毒死蜱和硫丹生物降解的增加。虽然没有观察到毒死蜱的改善,但所有生物刺激剂都有利于硫丹降解。在 BKS 硫丹的情况下,半衰期减少了约 三次(考虑两种异构体)。使用土壤和生物刺激素进行种子萌发生物测定以评估潜在的生态毒理学影响。CP对萌发、下胚轴伸长、胚根长度和下胚轴长度有显着抑制作用,而BKS和BRF参数与对照表现更接近。

更新日期:2021-08-19
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