The incorporation of various nanofillers into the interfacial polymerization (IP) process is widely applied to prepare higher performance NF membranes. However, few studies have reported the influence of nanofillers on nanocomposite membrane formation in the IP process. Here, an optical microscope was employed to study the change rule in the 8-NH₂-POSS/PSA nanocomposite membrane formation process due to the addition of 8-NH₂-POSS nanoparticles. First, the addition of 8-NH₂-POSS reduced the diffusion rate of the polyacrylamide hydrochloride (PAH) water phase on the surface against the oil phase because of the interaction with the PAH molecules. Furthermore, the 8-NH₂-POSS/PSA nanocomposite membrane structure was more homogeneous and exhibited uniform pinhole defects distribution due to the interaction of the 8-NH₂-POSS nanoparticles to the PAH segment. A significant separation performance was observed in the 8-NH₂-POSS/PSA nanocomposite membrane due to the hydrophilicity and positive charge of the 8-NH₂-POSS nanoparticles. The permeation flux and MgCl₂ rejection of the 8-NH₂-POSS/PSA nanocomposite membrane increased up to 50.5 L/m² h at 0.5 MPa and 94.8%, respectively, which corresponded to increases of 73.5% and 8.7% as compared to the pristine PSA membrane. 8-NH₂-POSS/PSA nanocomposite membranes have great application potential in the water softening and treatment of divalent metals ions under acidic conditions.

将各种纳米填料掺入界面聚合 (IP) 过程被广泛应用于制备更高性能的 NF 膜。然而，很少有研究报道纳米填料对 IP 过程中纳米复合膜形成的影响。在此，利用光学显微镜研究了8-NH ₂ -POSS/PSA纳米复合膜形成过程中8-NH ₂ -POSS纳米颗粒的加入引起的变化规律。首先，由于与多环芳烃分子的相互作用，8-NH ₂ -POSS 的加入降低了聚丙烯酰胺盐酸盐 (PAH) 水相在表面上相对于油相的扩散速率。此外，8-NH ₂由于 8-NH ₂ -POSS 纳米颗粒与 PAH 链段的相互作用，-POSS/PSA 纳米复合膜结构更均匀，并表现出均匀的针孔缺陷分布。在8-NH观察到显著分离性能₂ -POSS / PSA纳米复合膜由于亲水性和正电荷的8-NH的₂ -POSS纳米颗粒。8-NH ₂ -POSS/PSA 纳米复合膜的渗透通量和 MgCl ₂截留率在 0.5 MPa 和 94.8% 时分别增加至 50.5 L/m ² h，与相比增加了 73.5% 和 8.7%原始的 PSA 膜。8-NH ₂-POSS/PSA纳米复合膜在酸性条件下水软化和二价金属离子处理方面具有巨大的应用潜力。