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Current experimental disease-modifying therapeutics for multiple system atrophy
Journal of Neural Transmission ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-16 , DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02406-z
Miguel Lemos 1 , Gregor K. Wenning 1 , Nadia Stefanova 1
Affiliation  

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a challenging neurodegenerative disorder with a difficult and often inaccurate early diagnosis, still lacking effective treatment. It is characterized by a highly variable clinical presentation with parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, autonomic dysfunction, and pyramidal signs, with a rapid progression and an aggressive clinical course. The definite MSA diagnosis is only possible post-mortem, when the presence of distinctive oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs), mainly composed of misfolded and aggregated α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is demonstrated. The process of α-Syn accumulation and aggregation within oligodendrocytes is accepted one of the main pathological events underlying MSA. However, MSA is considered a multifactorial disorder with multiple pathogenic events acting together including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and disrupted neurotrophic support, among others. The discussed here treatment approaches are based on our current understanding of the pathogenesis of MSA and the results of preclinical and clinical therapeutic studies conducted over the last 2 decades. We summarize leading disease-modifying approaches for MSA including targeting α-Syn pathology, modulation of neuroinflammation, and enhancement of neuroprotection. In conclusion, we outline some challenges related to the need to overcome the gap in translation between preclinical and clinical studies towards a successful disease modification in MSA.



中文翻译:

多系统萎缩的当前实验性疾病修饰疗法

多系统萎缩 (MSA) 是一种具有挑战性的神经退行性疾病,早期诊断困难且通常不准确,仍然缺乏有效的治疗方法。它的特点是具有高度可变的临床表现,包括帕金森病、小脑性共济失调、自主神经功能障碍和锥体体征,具有快速进展和侵袭性的临床过程。明确的 MSA 诊断只有在死后才有可能,当证明存在独特的少突胶质细胞质内含物 (GCI) 时,主要由错误折叠和聚集的 α-突触核蛋白 (α-Syn) 组成。少突胶质细胞内 α-Syn 积累和聚集的过程被认为是 MSA 的主要病理事件之一。然而,MSA 被认为是一种多因素疾病,具有多种致病事件共同作用,包括神经炎症、氧化应激和破坏的神经营养支持等。此处讨论的治疗方法基于我们目前对 MSA 发病机制的理解以及过去 20 年中进行的临床前和临床治疗研究的结果。我们总结了 MSA 的领先疾病修饰方法,包括靶向 α-Syn 病理学、调节神经炎症和增强神经保护。总之,我们概述了一些与克服临床前和临床研究之间的差距以实现 MSA 成功疾病修饰的必要性相关的挑战。此处讨论的治疗方法基于我们目前对 MSA 发病机制的理解以及过去 20 年中进行的临床前和临床治疗研究的结果。我们总结了 MSA 的领先疾病修饰方法,包括靶向 α-Syn 病理学、调节神经炎症和增强神经保护。总之,我们概述了一些与克服临床前和临床研究之间的差距以实现 MSA 成功疾病修饰的必要性相关的挑战。此处讨论的治疗方法基于我们目前对 MSA 发病机制的理解以及过去 20 年中进行的临床前和临床治疗研究的结果。我们总结了 MSA 的领先疾病修饰方法,包括靶向 α-Syn 病理学、调节神经炎症和增强神经保护。总之,我们概述了一些与克服临床前和临床研究之间的差距以实现 MSA 成功疾病修饰的必要性相关的挑战。

更新日期:2021-08-19
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