Abstract

Translation of the genetic information into proteins, performed by the ribosome, is a key cellular process in all organisms. Translation usually proceeds smoothly, but, unfortunately, undesirable events can lead to stalling of translating ribosomes. To rescue these faulty arrested ribosomes, bacterial cells possess three well-characterized quality control systems, tmRNA, ArfA, and ArfB. Recently, an additional ribosome rescue mechanism has been discovered in Bacillus subtilis. In contrast to the “canonical” systems targeting the 70S bacterial ribosome, this latter mechanism operates by first splitting the ribosome into the small (30S) and large (50S) subunits to then clearing the resultant jammed large subunit from the incomplete nascent polypeptide. Here, I will discuss the recent microbiological, biochemical, and structural data regarding functioning of this novel rescue system.

中文翻译：

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细菌中核糖体相关的质量控制

摘要

由核糖体执行的将遗传信息翻译成蛋白质是所有生物体中的关键细胞过程。翻译通常会顺利进行，但不幸的是，不希望的事件会导致翻译核糖体的停滞。为了拯救这些有缺陷的被捕获的核糖体，细菌细胞拥有三个特征明确的质量控制系统，tmRNA、ArfA 和 ArfB。最近，在枯草芽孢杆菌中发现了一种额外的核糖体拯救机制. 与针对 70S 细菌核糖体的“经典”系统相比，后一种机制的运作方式是首先将核糖体分成小 (30S) 和大 (50S) 亚基，然后从不完整的新生多肽中清除产生的堵塞大亚基。在这里，我将讨论有关这种新型救援系统功能的最新微生物、生化和结构数据。