The present feature article offers a concise overview of recent research progress of the authors working in the design of macroporous conducting materials represented by polypyrrole-coated melamine sponges. The article highlights innovative results from the authors and suggests a perspective for future directions in the field of macroporous conducting polymer composites. The article also overviews this particular subject area and defines key challenges for this emerging field. The feasibility of diverse applications of polypyrrole/melamine sponges is demonstrated and includes deformation-sensitive materials, electromagnetic radiation shielding and electrically heated insulation materials. Cytotoxicity is addressed with respect to applications in biomedicine, and the adsorption of an organic dye serves as an example of the uses in environmental water-pollution treatment. A single-step deposition of polypyrrole during the oxidative polymerization of pyrrole provides the uniform coating of the sponge with an organic conducting phase. The conductivity of sponges was of the order of 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹, increased with polypyrrole loading, and also by two orders of magnitude after the compression. Derived materials have also been prepared and tested. They are represented by polypyrrole-coated sponge converted by pyrolysis to a macroporous nitrogen-containing carbon, magnetic ferrosponge obtained by incorporation of magnetite, or the conventional globular polypyrrole coating replaced with polypyrrole nanotubes. Polypyrrole can also be simply decorated with silver nanoparticles. The macroporous conducting polypyrrole/melamine sponges and derived materials are considered to be of future scientific interest with broad application potential.

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中文翻译：

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导电聚吡咯涂层大孔三聚氰胺海绵：简单的玩具还是先进的材料？

本专题文章简要概述了作者在设计以聚吡咯涂层三聚氰胺海绵为代表的大孔导电材料方面的最新研究进展。文章重点介绍了作者的创新成果，并为大孔导电聚合物复合材料领域的未来方向提出了展望。本文还概述了这个特定的主题领域，并定义了这个新兴领域的主要挑战。证明了聚吡咯/三聚氰胺海绵多种应用的可行性，包括变形敏感材料、电磁辐射屏蔽和电加热绝缘材料。细胞毒性在生物医学中的应用方面得到解决，有机染料的吸附作为用于环境水污染处理的一个例子。在吡咯的氧化聚合过程中聚吡咯的一步沉积为海绵提供了均匀的有机导电相涂层。海绵的电导率约为 10^-3 S cm ^-1，随着聚吡咯加载而增加，并且在压缩后也增加了两个数量级。衍生材料也已制备和测试。它们的代表是通过热解转化为大孔含氮碳的聚吡咯涂层海绵，通过掺入磁铁矿获得的磁性铁海绵，或用聚吡咯纳米管代替常规球状聚吡咯涂层。聚吡咯也可以简单地用银纳米粒子装饰。大孔导电聚吡咯/三聚氰胺海绵及其衍生材料被认为具有广泛的应用潜力，具有未来的科学价值。

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