Dramatic nuclear reorganization occurs during early development to convert terminally differentiated gametes to a totipotent zygote, which then gives rise to an embryo. Aberrant epigenome resetting severely impairs embryo development and even leads to lethality. How the epigenomes are inherited, reprogrammed, and reestablished in this critical developmental period has gradually been unveiled through the rapid development of technologies including ultrasensitive chromatin analysis methods. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on epigenetic reprogramming in gametogenesis and embryogenesis, and how it contributes to gamete maturation and parental-to-zygotic transition. Finally, we highlight the key questions that remain to be answered to fully understand chromatin regulation and nuclear reprogramming in early development.

中文翻译：

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早期动物发育中的表观遗传重编程

在早期发育过程中发生剧烈的核重组，将终末分化的配子转化为全能受精卵，然后产生胚胎。异常的表观基因组重置会严重损害胚胎发育，甚至导致死亡。随着包括超灵敏染色质分析方法在内的技术的快速发展，表观基因组在这个关键发育时期是如何被遗传、重新编程和重新建立的，已经逐渐被揭开。在这篇综述中，我们总结了配子发生和胚胎发生中表观遗传重编程的最新发现，以及它如何促进配子成熟和亲代-合子的转变。最后，我们强调了仍有待回答的关键问题，以充分了解早期发育中的染色质调控和核重编程。