In this study we present the Portland State University Active Rock Glacier Inventory (n=10 332) for the contiguous United States, derived from the manual classification of remote sensing imagery (Johnson, 2020; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918585). Individually, these active rock glaciers are found across widely disparate montane environments, but their overall distribution unambiguously favors relatively high, arid mountain ranges with sparse vegetation. While at least one active rock glacier is identified in each of the 11 westernmost states, nearly 88 % are found in just five states: Colorado (n=3889), Montana (n=1813), Idaho (n=1689), Wyoming (n=839), and Utah (n=834). Mean active rock glacier area is estimated at 0.10 km², with cumulative active rock glacier area totaling 1004.05 km². Active rock glaciers are assigned to a three-tier classification system based on area thresholds and surface characteristics known to correlate with downslope movement. Class 1 features (n=7042, average area = 0.12 km²) appear to be highly active, Class 2 features (n=2415, average area = 0.05 km²) appear to be intermediately active, and Class 3 features (n=875, average area = 0.04 km²) appear to be minimally active. This geospatial inventory will allow past active rock glacier research findings to be spatially extrapolated, help facilitate further active rock glacier research by identifying field study sites, and serve as a valuable training set for the development of automated rock glacier identification and classification methods applicable to other large regional studies.

中文翻译：

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美国本土的活岩冰川：地理信息系统清单和空间分布模式

在这项研究中，我们展示了 美国本土的波特兰州立大学活动岩冰川清单 ( n = 10 332)，该清单源自遥感影像的手动分类（Johnson，2020 年；https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA .918585）。单独地，这些活跃的岩石冰川分布在广泛不同的山地环境中，但它们的整体分布无疑有利于植被稀疏的相对较高的干旱山脉。虽然在最西端的 11 个州中的每一个州都发现了至少一个活动岩石冰川，但仅在五个州发现了近 88% 的冰川：科罗拉多州 ( n =3889 )、蒙大拿州 ( n =1813 )、爱达荷州 ( n =1689 )、怀俄明州 ( n = 839) 和犹他州 ( n =834 )。平均活动岩冰川面积估计为0.10 km ²，累计活动岩冰川面积为1004.05 km ²。根据已知与下坡运动相关的面积阈值和表面特征，将活动岩石冰川分配到一个三层分类系统。1 类特征 ( n =7042 , 平均面积= 0.12 km ² ) 似乎高度活跃， 2 类特征 ( n =2415 , 平均面积= 0.05 km ² ) 似乎中等活跃，而 3 类特征 ( n =875 ) , 平均面积=0.04 km ² ) 似乎是最低限度的活跃。该地理空间清单将允许在空间上推断过去的活动岩石冰川研究结果，通过确定实地研究地点帮助促进进一步的活动岩石冰川研究，并作为开发适用于其他活动的岩石冰川自动识别和分类方法的宝贵培训集。大型区域研究。