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Source Apportionment of Particulate Matter in the Metropolitan Area of Querétaro (Central Mexico): First Case Study
ACS Earth and Space Chemistry ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 , DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.1c00122
Sara Erika Olivares-Salazar 1 , Harry Alvarez-Ospina 2 , Carina Aguillon-Vazquez 1 , Dara Salcedo 1
Affiliation  

Exposure to particulate matter (PM) represents an important health risk in urban areas because it is associated with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Knowledge of PM composition and sources is essential in the design of policies to reduce the burden of airborne particles. Although several urban areas in Mexico struggle with maintaining good air quality, little is known about the processes that determine the presence of pollutants in the atmosphere beyond Mexico City. Here, we describe the chemical composition of PM10 and PM2.5 in the metropolitan area of Querétaro (in Central Mexico) and identify the major emission sources and contributions using positive matrix factorization. We used, combined, and compared different data sets to gain more insight into the sources found. Three sources were found for PM10: resuspension of mineral and construction dust, an anthropogenic source with incineration, industrial, and secondary particles, and biomass burning. For PM2.5, the sources found include resuspension, anthropogenic (with incineration and industrial particles), vehicular, biomass burning, and secondary. This study is the first to investigate the chemical composition and source apportionment of PM10 and PM2.5 in the metropolitan area of Querétaro. Although some of the sources found are probably local, the regional contribution to the PM concentration is significant, thus revealing the importance of studying the central region of Mexico, which is an important industrial and agricultural area, with 20 million people distributed in several major urban areas, in an integrated way.

中文翻译:

克雷塔罗大都市区(墨西哥中部)微粒物质的来源分配:第一个案例研究

暴露于颗粒物 (PM) 是城市地区的一个重要健康风险,因为它与心血管和呼吸系统疾病有关。PM 成分和来源的知识对于设计减少空气中颗粒物负担的政策至关重要。尽管墨西哥的几个城市地区都在努力保持良好的空气质量,但人们对确定墨西哥城以外大气中污染物存在的过程知之甚少。在这里,我们描述 PM 10和 PM 2.5的化学成分在克雷塔罗大都市区(墨西哥中部),并使用正矩阵分解确定主要排放源和贡献。我们使用、组合和比较了不同的数据集,以更深入地了解所发现的来源。发现 PM 10 的三个来源:矿物和建筑粉尘的再悬浮、焚烧、工业和二次颗粒的人为来源,以及生物质燃烧。对于 PM 2.5,发现的来源包括再悬浮、人为(包括焚烧和工业颗粒)、车辆、生物质燃烧和二次污染。这项研究首次调查了 PM 10和 PM 2.5的化学成分和来源分配在克雷塔罗大都市区。虽然发现的一些来源可能是局部的,但区域对 PM 浓度的贡献是显着的,因此揭示了研究墨西哥中部地区的重要性,该地区是重要的工农业区,2000 万人分布在几个主要城市领域,以综合方式。
更新日期:2021-09-16
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