ABSTRACT

Temporal and semantic associative processes during the acquisition of new verbal information undergo various changes across the life span. Temporal order clusters and subjective clusters were monitored during verbal learning trials using the Rey (Auditory Verbal Learning Task) for 1471 participants aged 8–91. Pairs, three-word, and four-word clusters were measured. Subjective clusters were generated at similar frequency across the whole life span. By contrast, a clear inverted-U curve across life span was indicated for temporal clusters. More words were subjectively clustered than clustered by temporal presentation order. The number of words clustered increased across trials, and cluster types showed a different increase profile across trials. The subjective cluster increment was faster and steeper than the temporal cluster increment in most of the age segments. Life span trajectory tendencies in the formation of temporal and semantic associations in recall were interpreted in relation to different frameworks of cognitive life span changes.

摘要

在获取新的语言信息期间的时间和语义关联过程在整个生命周期中会发生各种变化。在语言学习试验期间，使用 Rey（听觉语言学习任务）对 1471 名 8-91 岁的参与者进行了时间顺序集群和主观集群的监测。测量了对、三个词和四个词的集群。在整个生命周期中以相似的频率生成主观集群。相比之下，时间集群显示了一条明显的跨寿命倒 U 曲线。主观聚类的词多于按时间呈现顺序聚类的词。聚类的单词数量在试验中增加，并且聚类类型在试验中显示出不同的增加曲线。在大多数年龄段中，主观聚类增量比时间聚类增量更快、更陡峭。回忆中时间和语义关联形成中的寿命轨迹趋势被解释为与认知寿命变化的不同框架有关。