The competition between short-range and cavity-mediated infinite-range interactions in a cavity-boson system leads to the existence of a superfluid phase and a Mott-insulator phase within the self-organized regime. In this work, we quantitatively compare the steady-state phase boundaries of this transition measured in experiments and simulated using the Multiconfigurational Time-Dependent Hartree Method for Indistinguishable Particles. To make the problem computationally feasible, we represent the full system by the exact many-body wave function of a two-dimensional four-well potential. We argue that the validity of this representation comes from the nature of both the cavity-atomic system and the Bose-Hubbard physics. Additionally we show that the chosen representation only induces small systematic errors, and that the experimentally measured and theoretically predicted phase boundaries agree reasonably. We thus demonstrate a new approach for the quantitative numerical determination of the superfluid--Mott-insulator phase boundary.

中文翻译：

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腔-玻色子系统中的莫特跃迁：理论与实验的定量比较

空腔-玻色子系统中短程和空腔介导的无限程相互作用之间的竞争导致自组织体系内存在超流体相和莫特绝缘体相。在这项工作中，我们定量比较了在实验中测量的这种转变的稳态相边界，并使用不可区分粒子的多构型时间相关 Hartree 方法进行了模拟。为了使问题在计算上可行，我们用二维四井势的精确多体波函数来表示整个系统。我们认为这种表示的有效性来自腔原子系统和 Bose-Hubbard 物理学的性质。此外，我们表明所选择的表示只会引起很小的系统误差，并且实验测量和理论预测的相边界合理一致。因此，我们展示了一种定量数值确定超流体--莫特-绝缘体相界的新方法。