Study Objectives:

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have a greater risk of developing coronary artery disease. However, the frequency of specific coronary artery vascular phenotypes, such as coronary artery ectasia (CAE), which has a frequency of 5% in the general population, has not been studied in patients with OSA. This study aimed to estimate CAE frequency in patients with OSA who underwent coronary angiography.

Methods:

A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed. The results of each polysomnography were reviewed, classifying OSA severity according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Each coronary angiography was reviewed. CAE was defined and classified according to the scales described in the literature. Two groups of patients were classified and compared (OSA/CAE group vs. OSA/Non-CAE group).

Results:

We identified the frequency of CAE in 185 patients with OSA who underwent coronary angiography. The frequency of CAE was 18.4% in these patients. ST-elevation myocardial infarction as the indication for coronary angiography was significantly greater in the OSA/CAE group than the OSA/Non-CAE group (26.5% vs. 9.9%; p = 0.02). A 62% of the patients having severe OSA (AHI ≥ 30 events/h). These patients in the OSA/CAE group had a significantly higher median AHI than in the OSA/Non-CAE group (72.5 events/h vs. 53.5 events/h, respectively; p=0.039). The CAE severity was not directly related to the OSA severity.

Conclusions:

The frequency of CAE in patients with OSA is higher than that reported for the general population. The severity of OSA is related to the presence of CAE but not to its severity.

中文翻译：

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阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者冠状动脉扩张频率高

学习目标：

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 患者发生冠状动脉疾病的风险更高。然而，尚未在 OSA 患者中研究特定冠状动脉血管表型的频率，例如在普通人群中发生率为 5% 的冠状动脉扩张 (CAE)。本研究旨在评估接受冠状动脉造影的 OSA 患者的 CAE 频率。

方法：

进行了回顾性横断面研究。审查了每个多导睡眠图的结果，根据呼吸暂停低通气指数 (AHI) 对 OSA 严重程度进行分类。每次冠状动脉造影都进行了审查。根据文献中描述的量表定义和分类 CAE。对两组患者进行分类和比较（OSA/CAE 组与 OSA/Non-CAE 组）。

结果：

我们确定了 185 名接受冠状动脉造影的 OSA 患者的 CAE 频率。这些患者的 CAE 发生率为 18.4%。作为冠状动脉造影指征的 ST 段抬高心肌梗死在 OSA/CAE 组中显着高于 OSA/Non-CAE 组（26.5% 对 9.9%；p = 0.02）。A 62% 的患者患有严重的 OSA（AHI ≥ 30 事件/小时）。OSA/CAE 组的这些患者的中位 AHI 明显高于 OSA/非 CAE 组（分别为 72.5 事件/小时和 53.5 事件/小时；p=0.039）。CAE 严重程度与 OSA 严重程度没有直接关系。

结论：

OSA 患者的 CAE 频率高于一般人群报告的频率。OSA 的严重程度与 CAE 的存在有关，但与其严重程度无关。