Abstract: Malignant tumors are a major cause of death, and their incidence is increasing worldwide. Although the survival rate for some cancers has improved, treatments for other malignant tumors are limited, and their mortality rate continues to increase. People with type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of malignant tumors and a higher mortality rate than those without diabetes. Metformin is a commonly used hypoglycemic drug. In recent years, a growing number of studies have indicated that metformin has antitumor effects and increases the sensitivity of malignant tumors to chemotherapy. However, the effect of metformin on different tumors is currently controversial, and the mechanism of metformin’s antitumor action is not fully understood. Insights into the effect of metformin on malignant tumors and the possible mechanism may contribute to the development of antitumor drugs.

Keywords: metformin, malignant tumor, type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, 5’ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, antitumor

中文翻译：

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二甲双胍和恶性肿瘤：并非越过山丘

摘要：恶性肿瘤是导致死亡的主要原因，其发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。尽管某些癌症的存活率有所提高，但其他恶性肿瘤的治疗方法有限，其死亡率持续上升。与没有糖尿病的人相比，2型糖尿病患者患恶性肿瘤的风险更高，死亡率也更高。二甲双胍是一种常用的降血糖药。近年来，越来越多的研究表明二甲双胍具有抗肿瘤作用，增加恶性肿瘤对化疗的敏感性。然而，目前二甲双胍对不同肿瘤的作用存在争议，二甲双胍的抗肿瘤作用机制尚不完全清楚。

关键词：二甲双胍，恶性肿瘤，2型糖尿病，胰岛素抵抗，5'腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶，抗肿瘤