An increasing number of researchers support reproducibility by including pointers to and descriptions of datasets, software and methods in their publications. However, scientific articles may be ambiguous, incomplete and difficult to process by automated systems. In this paper we introduce RO-Crate, an open, community-driven, and lightweight approach to packaging research artefacts along with their metadata in a machine readable manner. RO-Crate is based on Schema$.$org annotations in JSON-LD, aiming to establish best practices to formally describe metadata in an accessible and practical way for their use in a wide variety of situations. An RO-Crate is a structured archive of all the items that contributed to a research outcome, including their identifiers, provenance, relations and annotations. As a general purpose packaging approach for data and their metadata, RO-Crate is used across multiple areas, including bioinformatics, digital humanities and regulatory sciences. By applying "just enough" Linked Data standards, RO-Crate simplifies the process of making research outputs FAIR while also enhancing research reproducibility. An RO-Crate for this article is available at https://www.researchobject.org/2021-packaging-research-artefacts-with-ro-crate/

中文翻译：

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使用 RO-Crate 包装研究人工制品

越来越多的研究人员通过在他们的出版物中包含数据集、软件和方法的指针和描述来支持可重复性。然而，科学文章可能含糊不清、不完整且难以由自动化系统处理。在本文中，我们介绍了 RO-Crate，这是一种开放的、社区驱动的、轻量级的方法，用于以机器可读的方式打包研究人工制品及其元数据。RO-Crate 基于 JSON-LD 中的 Schema$.$org 注释，旨在建立最佳实践，以可访问且实用的方式正式描述元数据，以便在各种情况下使用。RO-Crate 是对研究结果做出贡献的所有项目的结构化档案，包括它们的标识符、出处、关系和注释。作为数据及其元数据的通用打包方法，RO-Crate 用于多个领域，包括生物信息学、数字人文和监管科学。通过应用“恰到好处”的关联数据标准，RO-Crate 简化了使研究输出公平的过程，同时还提高了研究的可重复性。本文的 RO-Crate 可在 https://www.researchobject.org/2021-packaging-research-artefacts-with-ro-crate/ 获得