Abstract

Background: Adolescent cannabis use is an established risk factor for the development of psychosis, but the premorbid vulnerability factors and specificity versus generality of the psychotic symptom domains affected in cannabis-psychosis relationships remain incompletely understood. To improve our understanding of these relationships, we used longitudinal data to examine the individual and interactive effects of preadolescent transmissible liability to substance use disorders (SUD), measured via the transmissible liability index (TLI), and adolescent cannabis use on the development of two distinct psychotic symptom domains, paranoid and schizotypal personality traits in young adulthood. Methods: We performed secondary analysis of data from the Center for Education and Drug Abuse (CEDAR) study, which longitudinally assessed offspring of men with (N = 211) and without (N = 237) lifetime history of SUD at ages 10-12, and across adolescence as they transitioned to young adulthood. TLI scores were calculated at age 10-12, self-reported cannabis use was assessed at age 16, and paranoid and schizotypal symptoms were assessed at age 19. Results: Cannabis use at age 16 and family history of SUD were significantly associated with paranoid and schizotypal symptoms at age 19, but TLI scores were not. The interactive effect of TLI x cannabis use was also not significant. Paranoid and schizotypal symptoms showed different dose-dependent sensitivities to cannabis exposure at age 16. Conclusions: These findings indicate that adolescent cannabis use and family history of SUD differentially contribute to the development of paranoid and schizotypal personality traits through mechanisms that do not include behavioral disinhibition.

摘要

背景：青少年吸食大麻是精神病发展的既定风险因素，但在大麻-精神病关系中受影响的精神病症状域的病前脆弱性因素和特异性与普遍性仍未完全了解。为了提高我们对这些关系的理解，我们使用纵向数据来检查通过传播责任指数 (TLI)衡量的青春期前可传播的物质使用障碍 (SUD)责任和青少年大麻使用对两种疾病发展的个体和交互影响青年期不同的精神病症状域、偏执型和分裂型人格特征。方法：我们对来自教育和药物滥用中心 (CEDAR) 研究的数据进行了二次分析，该研究纵向评估了 在 10-12 岁时有 ( N  = 211) 和没有 ( N = 237) 终生 SUD 病史的男性的后代，以及跨越青春期，因为他们过渡到年轻的成年期。TLI 分数在 10-12 岁时计算，自我报告的大麻使用在 16 岁时进行评估，偏执和精神分裂症在 19 岁时进行评估。结果：16 岁时使用大麻和 SUD 家族史与 19 岁时的偏执和精神分裂症状显着相关，但 TLI 评分与此无关。TLI x 大麻使用的交互作用也不显着。偏执型和分裂型症状在 16 岁时对大麻暴露表现出不同的剂量依赖性敏感性。结论：这些研究结果表明，青少年大麻的使用和 SUD 家族史通过不包括行为去抑制的机制不同地促进偏执型和分裂型人格特征的发展.