Glia are widely distributed in the central nervous system and are closely related to cell metabolism, signal transduction, support, cell migration, and other nervous system development processes and functions. Glial development is complex and essential, including the processes of proliferation, differentiation, and migration, and requires precise regulatory networks. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) can be deeply involved in glial development through gene regulation. Here, we review the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in glial development. We briefly describe the classification and functions of noncoding RNAs and focus on microRNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), which have been reported to participate extensively during glial formation. The highlight of this summary is that miRNAs and lncRNAs can participate in and regulate the signaling pathways of glial development. The review not only describes how noncoding RNAs participate in nervous system development but also explains the processes of glial development, providing a foundation for subsequent studies on glial development and new insights into the pathogeneses of related neurological diseases.

中文翻译：

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非编码 RNA 在神经胶质发育中的功能

胶质细胞广泛分布于中枢神经系统，与细胞代谢、信号转导、支持、细胞迁移等神经系统发育过程和功能密切相关。胶质细胞的发育是复杂而必要的，包括增殖、分化和迁移的过程，需要精确的调控网络。非编码 RNA (ncRNA) 可以通过基因调控深入参与神经胶质的发育。在这里，我们回顾了 ncRNA 在神经胶质发育中的调节作用。我们简要描述了非编码 RNA 的分类和功能，并重点关注 microRNA (miRNA) 和长 ncRNA (lncRNA)，据报道它们在神经胶质形成过程中广泛参与。本综述的亮点在于 miRNA 和 lncRNA 可以参与和调节胶质细胞发育的信号通路。该综述不仅描述了非编码RNAs如何参与神经系统发育，还解释了胶质细胞的发育过程，为后续的胶质细胞发育研究和相关神经系统疾病发病机制的新认识奠定了基础。